According to research on the effects of social environment on personality, _____.
a. Canadians from minority groups with strongest ethnic identities were highest in self-esteem and subjective well-being
c. extraversion was found to be higher in the western regions of the United States
b. neuroticism is higher in the northwestern and southwestern states of the United States
d. children who grow up in disadvantaged neighborhoods are likely to show adaptive tendencies characterized by high resilience
Question 2Which of the following is true according to research on the effects of social environment on personality?
a. Personality dimensions of any two cohort birth groups from a particular country are always similar.
c. The nature of the workplace has the potential to affect only our overt behavior.
b. Becoming a parent is associated with higher levels of marital and life satisfaction.
d. Those who see stressful events as an opportunity to learn become more extraverted over time.
Question 3Wars and economic recessions can restrict life choices and influence the formation of:
a. self-identity.
c. the unconscious.
b. archetypes.
d. constructs.
Question 4_____ believed that environmental factors can either promote or inhibit the innate need for self-actualization.
a. Horney
c. Maslow
b. Allport
d. Cattell
Question 5According to Erikson, the formation of _____ identity is influenced by social and historical forces.
a. id
c. superego
b. ego
d. psyche
Question 6Which of the following statements is true about the significance given to social and environmental factors by the personality theorists?
a. Adler suggested that women raised in a matriarchal culture might have higher self-esteem.
c. Cattell argued that environmental factors ultimately affect all of his 16 personality factors to some extent.
b. Horney noted that social environment shapes the raw materials of personality provided by genetics into finished products.
d. Allport's eight stages of psychosocial development are innate, but the environment determines the ways in which they are realized.
Question 7Allport noted that _____ supplies the raw material of personality, while _____ shapes the material into finished products.
a. health; heredity
b. society; self-actualization
c. genetics; the social environment
d. parental influence; a restricting environment
Question 8_____ believed that female inferiority develops from the way girls are treated in a male-dominated culture.
a. Adler
c. Fromm
b. Freud
d. Horney
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