A nurse assesses a client who has diabetes mellitus and notes the client is awake and alert, but shaky, diaphoretic, and weak. Five minutes after administering a half-cup of orange juice, the client's clinical manifestations have not changed.
Which action should the nurse take next?
a.
Administer another half-cup of orange juice.
b.
Administer a half-ampule of dextrose 50 intravenously.
c.
Administer 10 units of regular insulin subcutaneously.
d.
Administer 1 mg of glucagon intramuscularly.
Question 2A nurse develops a dietary plan for a client with diabetes mellitus and new-onset microalbuminuria. Which component of the client's diet should the nurse decrease?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Fats
d. Total calories
Question 3A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus. Which clinical manifestation should alert the nurse to decreased kidney function in this client?
a. Urine specific gravity of 1.033
b. Presence of protein in the urine
c. Elevated capillary blood glucose level
d. Presence of ketone bodies in the urine
Question 4A nurse reviews the medication list of a client with a 20-year history of diabetes mellitus. The client holds up the bottle of prescribed duloxetine (Cymbalta) and states, My cousin has depression and is taking this drug. Do you think I'm depressed?
How should the nurse respond?
a.
Many people with long-term diabetes become depressed after a while.
b.
It's for peripheral neuropathy. Do you have burning pain in your feet or hands?
c.
This antidepressant also has anti-inflammatory properties for diabetic pain.
d.
No. Many medications can be used for several different disorders.
Question 5A nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus who is experiencing numbness and reduced sensation. Which statement should the nurse include in this client's teaching to prevent injury?
a. Examine your feet using a mirror every day.
b. Rotate your insulin injection sites every week.
c. Check your blood glucose level before each meal.
d. Use a bath thermometer to test the water temperature.
Question 6A preoperative nurse assesses a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus prior to a surgical procedure. The client's blood glucose level is 160 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse take?
a. Document the finding in the client's chart.
b. Administer a bolus of regular insulin IV.
c. Call the surgeon to cancel the procedure.
d. Draw blood gases to assess the metabolic state.
Question 7A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus 3 hours after a surgical procedure and notes the client's breath has a fruity odor. Which action should the nurse take?
a. Encourage the client to use an incentive spirometer.
b. Increase the client's intravenous fluid flow rate.
c. Consult the provider to test for ketoacidosis.
d. Perform meticulous pulmonary hygiene care.
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