A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus who is admitted with an acid-base imbalance. The ...

A nurse assesses a client with diabetes mellitus who is admitted with an acid-base imbalance. The client's arterial blood gas values are pH 7.36, PaO2 98 mm Hg, PaCO2 33 mm Hg, and HCO3- 18 mEq/L. Which manifestation should the nurse identify as an exampl
 
  a. Increased rate and depth of respirations
  b. Increased urinary output
  c. Increased thirst and hunger
  d. Increased release of acids from the kidneys

Question 2

A nurse develops a plan of care for a client who has a history of hypocalcemia. What interventions should the nurse include in this client's care plan? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Encourage oral fluid intake of at least 2 L/day.
  b. Use a draw sheet to reposition the client in bed.
  c. Strain all urine output and assess for urinary stones.
  d. Provide nonslip footwear for the client to use when out of bed.
  e. Rotate the client from side to side every 2 hours.

Question 3

After administering 40 mEq of potassium chloride, a nurse evaluates the client's response. Which manifestations indicate that treatment is improving the client's hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min
  b. Absent deep tendon reflexes
  c. Strong productive cough
  d. Active bowel sounds
  e. U waves present on the electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 4

A nurse is caring for clients with electrolyte imbalances on a medical-surgical unit. Which clinical manifestations are correctly paired with the contributing electrolyte imbalance? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Hypokalemia - Flaccid paralysis with respiratory depression
  b. Hyperphosphatemia - Paresthesia with sensations of tingling and numbness
  c. Hyponatremia - Decreased level of consciousness
  d. Hypercalcemia - Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs
  e. Hypomagnesemia - Bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation, and hypotension

Question 5

A nurse is assessing a client who has an electrolyte imbalance related to renal failure. For which potential complications of this electrolyte imbalance should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Electrocardiogram changes
  b. Slow, shallow respirations
  c. Orthostatic hypotension
  d. Paralytic ileus
  e. Skeletal muscle weakness

Question 6

A nurse assesses a client who is prescribed a medication that inhibits aldosterone secretion and release. For which potential complications should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Urine output of 25 mL/hr
  b. Serum potassium level of 5.4 mEq/L
  c. Urine specific gravity of 1.02 g/mL
  d. Serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L
  e. Blood osmolality of 250 mOsm/L