In a study by Levy, Slade, Kunkel, & Kasl (2002), individuals between the ages of 50 and 94 who ...

In a study by Levy, Slade, Kunkel, & Kasl (2002), individuals between the ages of 50 and 94 who had positive views about themselves as well as positive attitudes toward aging
 
  a. had different brain structures from those without such positive attitudes.
 b. lived seven and a half years longer than those without such positive attitudes.
  c. were found to be less likely to have heart disease.
 d. were found to be more likely to be involved with positive community activities.

Question 2

Marsha believes that she will never succeed in college because she got mediocre grades in high school no matter how hard she studied. Her belief is best explained by
 
  a. personality disorder.
 b. faulty neurotransmitter circuits.
  c. learned helplessness.
 d. internal conflicts.

Question 3

It is important to understand the process of how learned helplessness is created in laboratory animals because learned helplessness in animals resembles the human disorder of
 
  a. panic disorder.
  b. depression.
 c. mania.
 d. schizophrenia.

Question 4

A rat is placed in a cage and given electrical shocks over which it has no control. When placed in a shuttle box, the rat does not attempt to escape the shock due to
 
  a. social learning.
 b. learned helplessness.
  c. unconscious learning.
  d. one angry rat.

Question 5

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by
 
  a. creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot) that the animal can control.
  b. creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot) that the animal cannot control.
  c. creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet) that the animal cannot control.
 d. creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet) that the animal can control.