Which statement most accurately describes the distribution of income among US families?

Which statement most accurately describes the distribution of income among US families?
 a. In 2005, as in most of American history, poor people work on average many more hours than do high-income people.
  b. The median real family income has remained about the same since 1970.
  c. One of the most significant determinants of income inequality in the US has been the increase in demand for highly trained labor.
  d. Earnings of married-couple families have grown more slowly than earnings of both male and female households with no spouse.

Question 2

All of the following statements provide evidence in support of the Beard-Hacker Thesis except:
 a. The Civil War caused a transfer of political power from Southern agrarians to Northern industrial capitalists.
  b. Following secession, Congress passed legislation to increase tariffs and grant land to railroads.
  c. The Civil War created a demand stimulus for manufactured goods to support the war effort.
  d. The growth rate in commodity output between 1860 and 1870 was 2.0 percent for the economy as a whole and 2.3 percent for the manufacturing sector.

Question 3

Which statement best describes changes in infant mortality in the US from 1940-2005?
 a. By 2005, the total infant mortality rate was about 15 of what it had been in 1940.
  b. The infant mortality rate is higher for whites than for blacks.
  c. The infant mortality rate was about twice as high in 1940 as it was in 2005.
  d. The infant morality rate during the first 28 days of life dropped significantly but the infant mortality rate from 28 days to 1 year remained about the same.

Question 4

The Beard-Hacker Thesis claims that post-bellum economic growth in the United States:
 a. was slowed by rapid immigration.
  b. was accelerated by rapid immigration from English speaking countries.
  c. was slowed by the formation of industrial monopolies.
  d. was accelerated by economic and financial changes generated by the Civil War.

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes the changes in life expectancy between 1940-2000 in the US?
 a. The life expectancy of females increased substantially but there was little change for males.
  b. The life expectancy of African American males is higher than that of African American females, but the life expectancy of white males is lower than that of white females.
  c. The life expectancies of people of all races has remained about the same as advances in health have been offset by declines due to environmental factors.
  d. The life expectancy of people with Down's Syndrome grew by about 25 times, and the life expectancy of African Americans grew faster than the life expectancy of whites.

Question 6

Which of the following methods of generating federal government revenue was first introduced during the Civil War?
 a. the personal income tax
  b. inflationary finance
  c. import tariffs
  d. bond sales

Question 7

If you based your estimate on how long it took poor regions of the United States to catch up to the per capita incomes of the rest of the nation, how long do you believe it would take Eastern Europe to obtain per capita incomes comparable to those of Western Europe?
 a. About one year.
  b. About five to ten years.
  c. About twenty five years.
  d. Several generations.

Question 8

Printing of paper money by the Confederate government led to
 a. an immediate hyperinflation that lasted for the entire period of the War.
  b. a short-term hyperinflation that lasted for only the first year of the War.c hyperinflation in the final months of the War.d sporadic episodes of hyperinflation that emerged throughout the War.

Question 9

After the Civil War, per capita income in the South was relatively low compared with other regions of the United States. Which of the following statements best describes how long it took the South to (almost but not quite. catch up with the rest of the country).
 a. About one year.
  b. About five to ten years.
  c. About twenty five years.
  d. Several generations.

Question 10

The Confederacy's primary mechanism for generating revenue during the Civil War was to:
 a. Raise taxes.
  b. Increase trade and gain more money from exports.
  c. Borrow more money.
  d. Print more money.

Question 11

Between 1880 and 1980, which region had the highest per capita income?
 a. Pacific.
  b. Midwest.
  c. New England.
  d. South Atlantic.

Question 12

In response to Southern restrictions on the export of cotton in 1861 and 1862,
 a. Britain was forced to give financial aid to the Confederate government due to its dependence on Southern cotton.
  b. Britain provided a naval blockade protecting ships carrying Southern cotton.
  c. the price of Southern cotton soared, allowing Southern planters to earn substantial profits.
  d. Britain relied on alternate sources of supply to meet its cotton demand.

Question 13

During the second half of the nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century, per capita incomes on the West Coast of the US were ___ than the national average, and per capita incomes in the South were ___ than the national average.
 a. lower, higher.
  b. higher, lower.
  c. lower, lower.
  d. higher, higher.

Question 14

At the start of the Civil War, the South adopted a trade policy that did not
 a. discourage exports to England.
  b. ban sales of cotton to the North.
  c. eventually move England from neutrality in the Civil War.
  d. weaken the southern war effort.