I saw some midterms here, but wanted to add this answer key just in case anyone needs it. I noticed that some of these questions were on some of the ones posted on here, but I noticed some of the questions were not posted. This is from Professor Reed's fall 2011 A&P class.
Question 1
Group of related organs that have a common function is called a(n)
A. group.
B. organism.
C. tissue.
D. organ.
E. system. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 2
The process by which unspecialized cells become specialized cells is called
A. homeostasis.
B. metabolism.
C. differentiation. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. anabolism.
E. catabolism.
Question 3
The science dealing with the functions of the body parts is called
A. anatomy
B. histology
C. cytology
D. physiology THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. biology
Question 4
The backbone of organic molecules is formed by
A. phosphorus.
B. magnesium.
C. phosphorus.
D. oxygen.
E. carbon. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 5
An atom that has given up or gained an electron is referred to as a(n)
A. proton.
B. neutron.
C. molecule.
D. ion. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. isotope.
Question 6
A chemical bond where electrons are taken from one atom and given to another is a(n)
A. hydrogen bond.
B. double covalent bond.
C. polar covalent bond.
D. single covalent bond.
E. ionic bond. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 7
Most solutes in body fluids are
A. sugars.
B. lipids.
C. proteins.
D. amino acids.
E. electrolytes. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 8
The thirst center is located in the
A. medulla oblongata.
B. GI tract.
C. hypothalamus. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. posterior pituitary gland.
E. kidney.
Question 9
The type of body fluid found within the cells is called
A. interstitial fluid.
B. extracellular fluid.
C. water.
D. intracellular fluid. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. plasma.
Question 10
Dehydration decreases the production of saliva.
True THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
False
Question 11
The term cytoplasm refers to all cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus.
True THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
False
Question 12
Most proteins can easily move across the plasma membrane.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
QUESTION 13
Which of the following statements are true for the plasma membrane?
A. It contains cholesterol.
B. It is selectively permeable.
C. It contains glycoproteins.
D. A, B, and C are correct. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. Only A and B are correct.
Question 14
Facilitated diffusion requires a membrane carrier protein and cellular energy.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 15
The exchange of materials between epithelium and connective tissue involves the materials moving across the basement membrane.
True THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
False
Question 16
Which of the following tissues is often ciliated?
A. squamous epithelium
B. cartilage
C. transitional epithelium
D. connective tissue
E. columnar epithelium THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 17
Squamous epithelium has cube-shaped cells.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 18
The different types of epithelia are named according to
A. location and type of secretion.
B. cell size and shape.
C. location and number of layers of cells.
D. cell shape and location in the body.
E. cell shape and number of layers of cells. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 19
Langerhans cells are important components in the immune system.
True THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
False
Question 20
The layer of the epidermis which contains cells capable of continued cell division is the
A. stratum granulosum
B. stratum basale THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. stratum corneum
D. stratum spinosum
E. stratum lucidum
Question 21
Cells of the skin that are active in the immune process are
A. Langerhans cells THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
B. adipocytes
C. melanocytes
D. Merkel cells
E. keratinocytes
Question 22
The layer of the epidermis only found in the thick skin of areas such as the fingertips, palms and soles is the
A. stratum corneum
B. stratum basale
C. stratum lucidum THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. stratum granulosum
E. stratum spinosum
Question 23
The decrease of estrogen levels in females after the age of 40 increases the loss of calcium from bones.
True THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
False
Question 24
The replacement of cartilage by bone is called intramembranous ossification.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 25
All of the following are functions of the skeletal system EXCEPT
A. support.
B. plasma protein production. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. mineral storage.
D. movement.
E. blood cell production.
Question 26
In adults, the medullary cavity contains red bone marrow.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 27
Synarthroses are slightly moveable joints.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 28
The inner layer of the articular capsule is a
A. ligament.
B. meniscus.
C. articular membrane.
D. synovial membrane. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. fibrous membrane.
Question 29
Which of the following is a cartilaginous joint?
A. diarthrosis
B. symphysis THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. gomphosis
D. syndesmosis
E. suture
Question 30
All of the following are structural classifications of joints EXCEPT
A. synovial.
B. cartilaginous.
C. fibrous.
D. synarthrosis. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. All of the above are correct.
Question 31
Pain in or associated with muscles is called
A. myotonia
B. myalgia. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. proprioception.
D. hypertonia.
E. myositis.
Question 32
Tissues, like muscles, stretch best when:
A. stretched fast and cooler
B. stretched slow and warmed up THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. stretched slow and cooler
D. stretched before warming up.
E. stretched fast and warmed up
Question 33
Which of the following is NOT a function of muscle tissue?
A. Body movements
B. Control of the volume of a hollow organ
C. Vitamin D production THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. Body position
E. Heat production
Question 34
The point of attachment of a muscle (by means of a tendon) to the stationary bone is called the
A. ligation.
B. head.
C. origin. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. insertion.
E. fixation.
Question 35
Groups of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system are called
A. horns.
B. ganglia. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. tracts.
D. nuclei.
E. nerves.
Question 36
The period of time during which the neuron cannot generate another action potential is called
A. hyperpolarization.
B. repolarization.
C. refractory period. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. depolarization.
E. threshold period.
Question 37
Sometimes Na+ seeps into the resting neuron or K+ seeps out. This occurs through the__________ channels.
A. English
B. active transport
C. voltage gate
D. voltage
E. leakage THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 38
Neurons that conduct nerve impulses from the receptors to the central nervous system are
A. motor neurons.
B. efferent neurons.
C. sensory neurons. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. interneurons.
E. association neurons.
Question 39
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the
A. brain.
B. spinal cord.
C. cranial nerves.
D. all of the above.
E. brain and spinal cord. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 40
Parkinson's disease is due to the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the
A. cerebral peduncles.
B. cerebellum.
C. medulla.
D. substantia nigra. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. hippocampus.
Question 41
The dorsal root contains
A. autonomic fibers only.
B. motor fibers only.
C. somatic fibers only.
D. sensory fibers only. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. both sensory and motor fibers.
Question 42
A shallow groove on the surface of the cerebrum is called a
A. indentation.
B. furrow.
C. gyrus.
D. fissure.
E. sulcus. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 43
Nearly 80% of parasympathetic outflow is conducted through
A. spinal nerves from the sacral region.
B. the glossopharyngeal nerve.
C. the vagus nerve. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. the oculomotor nerve.
E. spinal nerves from the thoracic region.
Question 44
The parasympathetic nervous system decreases all of the following EXCEPT
A. air pathway diameter.
B. pupil size.
C. respiratory rate.
D. digestion. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
E. heart rate.
Question 45
The first motor neuron in an autonomic pathway is called a
A. preganglionic neuron. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
B. sympathetic neuron.
C. autonomic ganglion.
D. postganglionic neuron.
E. parasympathetic neuron.
Question 46
The brain region that usually controls autonomic responses includes
A. hypothalamus.
B. pons.
C. medulla oblongata.
D. midbrain
E. all the above. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 47
The receptors for hearing are located in the
A. vestibule.
B. saccule.
C. semicircular canals.
D. utricle.
E. cochlea. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 48
The inability to clearly see near objects is called
A. nearsightedness.
B. astigmatism
C. hypermetropia THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. myopia
E. glaucoma
Question 49
Pain of visceral origin that is felt at a surface location is called
A. phantom pain.
B. referred pain. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. dull pain.
D. sharp pain.
E. delayed pain.
Question 50
Axons from the __________ neurons form the optic nerve.
A. horizontal
B. amacrine
C. bipolar
D. photoreceptor
E. ganglion THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 51
The renal system can compensate for alkalosis by retaining bicarbonate ions to lower the blood pH levels.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 52
Which of the following is NOT true about "rebreathing"?
A. PCO2 will typically increase.
B. Airway obstruction is respiratory problem that can mimic the effects of rebreathing.
C. it will cause the body to go into a state of acidosis.
D. pH typically will increase. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 53
Which one is NOT an example of a passive transport mechanism?
A. Simple diffusion
B. Active transport THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Osmosis
Question 54
Osmosis is considered the movement of solute particles from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 55
Facilitated diffusion requires the use of cellular energy (ATP) expenditure.
True
False THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 56
In the lab activity titled "The Effect of Stimulus Voltage on Skeletal Muscle Contraction", the active force generated by the muscle increased with increases in voltage.
True THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
False
Question 57
Put the steps of the process of excitation-contraction coupling in the correct order of occurrence.
1. Acetylcholine diffuses into the sarcolemma and binds to receptors in the muscle cell.
2. The end plate potential triggers a series of events that results in the contraction of a muscle cell.
3. An action potential in a motor neuron triggers the release of acetylcholine.
4. The resulting change in ion permeability triggers a depolarization of the plasma membrane called an end plate potential.
A. 1-2-3-4
B. 3-1-2-4
C. 3-1-4-2 THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. 1-2-4-3
Question 58
Which of the following is NOT true regarding an isotonic contraction?
A. it occurs when a a muscle generates a force greater than the load the muscle is attempting to move.
B. skeletal muscle length changes.
C. it is an all-or-nothing event. THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
D. the speed of the contraction depends on the load that the muscle is attempting to move.
Question 59
What is the major cation found inside the the typical nerve cell at rest?
A. acetylcholine
B. chloride
C. sodium
D. potassium THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
Question 60
The period of time when the neuron is totally insensitive to further stimulation and cannot generate another action potential is
A. relative refractory period
B. repolarization
C. membrane potential
D. absolute refractory period THIS IS THE CORRECT ANSWER
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