What special needs were identified by the Court that could justify departure from the ordinary ...

The ordinary needs of law enforcement are to administer drug tests so that the results could be used in criminal prosecution. The Customs Service's drug testing program did not serve such a purpose, for test results could not be used in criminal prosecutions. The special needs of the Service were to deter drug use among those eligible for promotion to sensitive positions and to prevent the promotion of drug users to those positions where they might endanger the integrity of the United States borders or the lives of its citizens.

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