Describe the process of translocation in Down syndrome.

The extra chromosome 21 is attached to another chromosome such as chromosome 14 . Actual total number of chromosomes is not increased but the resulting chromosome is a composite of both 21 and 14 . The affected person has genetic material equivalent to 47 chromosomes. This may result from an accident in the germ cells of one parent during gametogenesis or one of the parents is carrier of the abnormal chromosome, in which case parent carrier has only 45 chromosomes, resulting from the fusion of chromosome 21 with another chromosome