Liberal and constructivist theorists often look to the rules, norms, and institutions in the ...

True

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Of all the components of state power, realists see military capability as by far the most
important. Realist theory maintains that the ability to coerce militarily is more important
than rewarding favors or buying concessions. Thus, realists reject the view of liberal
strategic thinkers who maintain that under conditions of globalization, which links
countries economically, politically, and culturally in webs of interdependence, economic
resources are becoming increasingly more critical to national strength and security than
are military capabilities. Following tradition, one way to estimate the power potential
of states is to compare their military expenditures.

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To balance power, realists recognize that national actors need to see the value of
rapidly shifting alliances. Although balancing is occasionally described as an automatic,
self-adjusting process, most realists see it as the result of deliberate choices undertaken
by national leaders to maintain equilibrium among contending states. This requires
adhering to rules of decision making. It is necessary for all leaders to constantly
monitor changes in states' relative capabilities so that policies about arms and allies
can be adjusted to rectify power imbalances

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During the Cold War, many states sought to increase their security by purchasing
arms produced by suppliers eagerly seeking allies as well as profits from exports. In
1961, the world arms trade was valued at 4 billion. Thereafter, the traffic in arms
imports climbed rapidly and peaked in 1987 at 82 billion. The end of the Cold War
did not end the arms trade, however. Since 1991 when the Cold War ended, and
continuing throughout the era of global terrorism that began on 9/11, the total value of
all international arms transfers through 2014 was over 611 billion and the volume of
arms transfers each year continues to grow

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Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) is aAn international agreement that seeks to
prevent horizontal proliferation by prohibiting further nuclear weapons sales,
acquisitions, or production. The nonproliferation regime are a set of rules to contain
arms races so that weapons or technology do not spread to states that do not have
them. Horizontal nuclear proliferation is an increase in the number of states that
possess nuclear weapons.Vertical nuclear proliferation is the expansion of the
capabilities of existing nuclear powers to inflict increasing destruction with their nuclear
weapons.

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