Microbial control in wastewaters would most logically be a part of
A) microbial genetics.
B) aquatic microbiology.
C) medical microbiology.
D) bacterial energetics.
Developments in the fields of immunology and medical microbiology were practical extensions of the work of
A) Sergei Winogradsky.
B) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek.
C) Joseph Lister.
D) Robert Koch.
A pure culture
A) is sterile.
B) is a population of identical cells.
C) is made of a clearly defined chemical medium.
D) contains one microbial cell.
Predict how Pasteur's conclusions on spontaneous generation with swan flasks would have changed if he worked with and maintained the flasks in a sterile laminar flow hood.
A) Sterilization of the swan flask solutions would not have been necessary to reject spontaneous generation. If he did sterilize the flasks, the spontaneous generation hypothesis would have been supported.
B) His incubation times would not have been sufficient to refute spontaneous generation.
C) Pasteur's flasks never would have putrefied, and the experiment would not have refuted spontaneous generation.
D) Viruses would have still been present, and his conclusion would have been unchanged.
Martinus Beijerinck was the first to isolate
A) green algae.
B) certain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria.
C) certain sulfate-reducing bacteria.
D) green algae, certain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria, and certain sulfate-reducing bacteria.
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