With twitch summation, the muscle fiber is stimulated so rapidly that it does not have an opportunity to return to resting potential between stimuli.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 2) The symptoms of constipation (e.g., abdominal discomfort, headache, and nausea) are due to which of the following?
a. inhibition of gastric emptying.
b. absorption of toxins of bacterial origin from the colon.
c. prolonged distention of the large intestine by the fecal mass.
d. exhaustion due to frequent straining movements in an effort to initiate the defecation reflex.
e. the accumulation of large amounts of fluid in the colon.
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Question 3) Increasing the number of recruited motor units in a muscle increases its force or strength of contraction.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 4) How many different species of bacteria reside in the colon?
a. 1-5
b. 10-50
c. 100-500
d. 500-1000
e. over 1000
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Question 5) The larger the motor units within a muscle, the more precisely controlled the gradations of contraction.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 6) Which of the following is not a side effect of constipation?
a. headache.
b. nausea.
c. gradual buildup of toxins.
d. lack of appetite.
e. all of these answers.
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Question 7) Muscles that have a fine degree of control have small motor units.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 8) Distention of the stomach
a. triggers the gastrocolic reflex.
b. encourages motility in the intestines.
c. results in salivation.
d. both (a) and (b) above.
e. both (b) and (c) above.
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Question 9) A motor unit is a single muscle plus all of the motor neurons that innervate it.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 10) Which of the following structures secrete mucus?
a. salivary glands
b. esophagus
c. stomach
d. colon
e. all of these answers.
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