The layer of the heart wall synonymous with the visceral layer of the serous pericardium is ________.
A) myocardium
B) endocardium
C) epicardium
D) parietal layer of the serous pericardium
E) either endocardium or epicardium
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Question 2) Neurons either conduct action potentials along the length of their axons, or they remain at rest. This statement best describes ________.
A) a reflex arc
B) the all-or-none response
C) repolarization
D) saltatory conduction
E) graded potential
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Question 3) The heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the ________.
A) mediastinum
B) hiatus
C) pleural cavity
D) hilus
E) diaphragm
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Question 4) Nerve impulse transmissions occurring along myelinated neurons are called ________.
A) saltatory conduction
B) repolarization
C) graded potential
D) sodium-potassium pump
E) all-or-none response
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Question 5) Fluid tends to be forced out of a capillary bed by ________ while ________ tends to draw fluid into the capillary bed.
A) systolic pressure; diastolic pressure
B) blood pressure; osmotic pressure
C) osmotic pressure; diastolic pressure
D) osmotic pressure; blood pressure
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Question 6) An action potential is caused by an influx of ________ ions into the cell.
A) potassium
B) sodium
C) calcium
D) magnesium
E) both potassium and sodium
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Question 7) Sustained elevated arterial blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg is a condition known as ________.
A) hypertension (high blood pressure)
B) orthostatic hypotension
C) circulatory shock
D) myocardial infarction
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Question 8) Immediately after an action potential is propagated, which one of the following ions rapidly diffuses out of the cell into the tissue fluid?
A) sodium ions
B) chloride ions
C) calcium ions
D) potassium ions
E) magnesium ions
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Question 9) What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on the diameter of blood vessels?
A) vasodilation
B) no effect
C) vasoconstriction
D) vasodilation, then vasoconstriction
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Question 10) What statement best describes the resting state of a neuron?
A) Neurons are polarized with more sodium ions outside the cell and more potassium ions inside the cell.
B) Neurons are propagating the action potential.
C) Neurons are depolarizing and generating an action potential.
D) Neurons are restoring the ionic conditions utilizing the sodium-potassium pump.
E) Neurons are repolarizing as potassium ions diffuse out of the cell.
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