Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The mother and the fetus exchange nutrients by exchanging blood in the placenta.
B. Human chorionic gonadotropin maintains the corpus luteum.
C. Human chorionic gonadotropin levels are the highest at the end of pregnancy.
D. From the time of implantation through delivery, the corpus luteum is the major source of progesterone.
E. Maternal plasma progesterone levels decline in the weeks leading up to the birth of her baby.
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Question 2) The blastocyst implants in the uterus on about the ________ day of the 28-day menstrual cycle. At this time, the endometrium is ________ and progesterone levels are _______.
A. 21st; thick and secretory; high
B. 28th; thick and secretory; low
C. 14th; thick and secretory; low
D. 28th; thin and proliferating; high
E. 21st; thin and proliferating; low
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Question 3) The implanting blastocyst rescues the corpus luteum by secreting:
A. large quantities of FSH and LH.
B. GnRH, which stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete FSH and LH.
C. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
D. progesterone and estrogen.
E. cortisol.
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Question 4) Which is a TRUE statement about implantation of a blastocyst?
A. When it occurs outside the uterus, it is called a myopic pregancy.
B. It normally occurs midway through the luteal phase.
C. It is a result of digestion of myometrial cells by enzymes in the trophoblast.
D. It occurs at a time in the cycle when plasma estrogen concentration is higher than progesterone concentration.
E. It occurs at the same time as, and is caused by, the LH surge.
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Question 5) The acrosome reaction is triggered by:
A. deposition of sperm into the female reproductive tract.
B. capacitation of sperm.
C. estrogen.
D. binding of the heads of sperm to the zona pellucida.
E. the first meiotic reduction division of the ovum.
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Question 6) Which is NOT true about the actions of progesterone?
A. It increases contractions and activity of the fallopian tube smooth muscle and cilia.
B. It induces thick, sticky mucus in the cervix.
C. It inhibits the milk-inducing effects of prolactin.
D. It increases body temperature.
E. It exerts negative feedback on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.
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Question 7) Which is TRUE regarding fertilization and transport of an egg?
A. Fertilization occurs in the uterus, and must occur within 24-48 hours of ovulation.
B. Fertilization can occur any time with 7 days after ovulation, and it generally takes 10-14 days for the conceptus to reach the uterus.
C. Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube, and it takes about 4 days for the conceptus to reach the uterus.
D. Fertilization must occur while the follicle is still attached to the ovary, and transport of the conceptus to the uterus takes 24-48 hours.
E. Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube, and the conceptus must reach the uterus within 24-48 hours to implant, or it will die.
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Question 8) Which is TRUE about sperm delivery?
A. Most of the ejaculated sperm arrive in the vicinity of the ovum (if there is one).
B. Sperm transport through the cervix is made possible by actions of progesterone on the cervical mucus.
C. Of the several hundred million sperm in an ejaculation, only about 100 to 200 reach the fallopian tube.
D. Sperm are able to fertilize an egg from the instant they arrive in the female reproductive tract.
E. Sperm can survive for up to 2 weeks in the mucus of the cervix.
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Question 9) Which of the following is NOT an action of estrogen?
A. stimulation of fat deposition under the skin in the breasts and hips
B. thickening epithelial lining of vagina
C. stimulation of myometrial contractions
D. stimulation of bone growth and strength
E. stimulation of growth of pubic hair
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Question 10) During the early part of the menstrual cycle, ________ acts on granulosa cells, which ________. ________ acts on theca cells, which ________.
A. LH; convert androgens to estrogens; FSH; synthesize androgens
B. LH; synthesize androgens; FSH; convert androgens to estrogens
C. FSH; convert androgens to estrogens; LH; synthesize androgens
D. FSH; synthesize androgens; LH; convert androgens to estrogens
E. progesterone; synthesize androgens; LH; secrete estrogens
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