What is the outcome of ketosis?
A) glucogenesis
B) water retention and edema
C) metabolic acidosis
D) glycogen buildup
E) metabolic alkalosis
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Question 2) Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting nearly all events that promote vasodilation and potassium and water retention.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 3) Cells and transport proteins are physically prevented from passing through the filtration membrane. This has the following effect on filtration.
A) decreased osmotic pressure in the filtrate that increases the amount of filtration
B) increasing osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries that reduces the amount of filtration
C) neutral change in osmotic pressure with no effect on filtration
D) increased osmotic pressure in the filtrate the draws plasma through the membrane
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Question 4) The need to get up in the middle of the night to urinate is called ________.
Fill in the blanks with correct word
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Question 5) Hydrostatic pressure is the primary driving force of plasma through the filtration membrane into the capsular space. All but one of the following statements reflects why hydrostatic pressure is so high in the glomerular capillaries.
Select the one statement that does not explain the high pressure within the glomerular capillaries.
A) The diameter of the efferent arteriole is smaller than the afferent arteriole.
B) The volume of plasma in the efferent arteriole is higher when compared to the afferent arteriole.
C) The efferent arteriole has higher resistance to blood flow than the afferent arteriole.
D) The flow of blood is reduces as blood reaches the efferent arteriole.
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Question 6) ADH activated water channels called ________ are essential for water reabsorption in the collecting duct.
Fill in the blanks with correct word
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Question 7) The main way the kidney regulates potassium ions is to excrete them.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 8) Glycolysis is best defined as a catabolic reaction based upon the ________.
A) conversion of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid
B) conversion of glucose into carbon dioxide and water
C) formation of sugar
D) conversion of pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water
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Question 9) Gluconeogenesis is the process in which ________.
A) glucose is converted into carbon dioxide and water
B) glucose is formed from noncarbohydrate molecules
C) glycogen is formed
D) glycogen is broken down to release glucose
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Question 10) The presence of protein in the urine indicates which of the following?
A) too much protein in the diet
B) damage to the filtration membrane
C) high levels of transcription and translation by the bodies tissues
D) damage to the renal tubules
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