From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen.
A) serosa, mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis externa
B) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa
C) submucosa, serosa, muscularis externa, and mucosa
D) muscularis externa, serosa, mucosa, and submucosa
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Question 2) The circular folds of the small intestine enhance absorption by causing the chyme to spiral, rather than to move in a straight line, as it passes through the small intestine.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 3) The relatively unchanging pressure in a filling stomach is due to the contraction of the stomach oblique muscle layer.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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Question 4) John has undergone surgery and has developed pneumonia. He also has a history of emphysema. Which symptoms and signs would the nurse expect to find?
What will be an ideal response
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Question 5) A patient with tuberculosis is often noncompliant with treatment. Explain why this may happen.
What will be an ideal response
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Question 6) Which of the following is NOT a stimulus for breathing?
A) rising blood pressure
B) arterial PO2 below 60 mm Hg
C) acidosis resulting from CO2 retention
D) rising carbon dioxide levels
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Question 7) How will the lungs compensate for an acute rise in the partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood?
What will be an ideal response
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Question 8) While dining out in a restaurant a man suddenly chokes on a piece of meat. The waitress is also a student nurse and comes to the man's aid. She asks him if he can talk. The man responds by shaking his head no and grabbing at his neck.
What is the significance of the man's inability to talk?
What will be an ideal response
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Question 9) Which of the following is correct regarding acclimatization?
A) At high altitudes, hemoglobin's affinity for O2 is increased because BPG concentrations increase.
B) High-altitude conditions always result in lower-than-normal hemoglobin saturation levels because less O2 is available to be loaded.
C) Decreases in arterial PO2 cause the peripheral chemoreceptors to become less responsive to increases in PCO2.
D) When blood O2 levels decline, the kidneys produce more erythropoietin, which stimulates breakdown of red blood cells in the spleen.
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Question 10) A patient was admitted to the hospital with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. His PO2 was 55 and PCO2 was 65. A new resident orders 54 oxygen via the venturi mask.
One hour later, after the oxygen was placed, the nurse finds the patient with no respiration or pulse. She calls for a Code Blue and begins cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Explain why the patient stopped breathing.
What will be an ideal response
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