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Home Q & A Board Biology-Related Homework Help Anatomy and Physiology
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swimgal16 swimgal16
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Posts: 549
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6 years ago
John, a 72-year-old grandfather, had been smoking heavily for 24 years and had a persistent cough. A biopsy of his lung tissue revealed considerable amounts of carbon particles.
 
  How could this happen considering the natural cleaning mechanism of the respiratory system?
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 2) Explain what is meant by epithelial tissue being avascular but innervated.
 
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 3) In terms of structure and function, compare the type of epithelium lining the trachea, air sacs of the lungs, and the epidermis of the skin.
 
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 4) How is blood unique among connective tissues?
 
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 5) How can one tell the difference between stratified squamous epithelium and transitional epithelium?
 
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 6) How is epithelial tissue the opposite of connective tissue?
 
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 7) All of the following statements refer to events of tissue repair. Put the events in proper numbered order according to the sequence of occurrence. The initial event, the injury, is already indicated as number one.
  1.
 
  The skin receives a cut that penetrates into the dermis and bleeding begins.
  2. Epithelial regeneration is nearly complete.
  3. Granulation tissue is formed.
  4. Blood clotting occurs and stops the blood flow.
  5. The wound retracts.
  6. Macrophages engulf and clean away cellular debris.
  7. Fibroblasts elaborate connective tissue fibers to span the break.
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 8) Macrophage-like cells are found in many different tissues, and may have specific names that reflect their location or specializations. What is the one functional characteristic common to all macrophage-like cells?
 
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 9) What type of membrane lines closed ventral body cavities? List three examples.
 
  What will be an ideal response


(Question 10) Which tissue in the wall of the uterus is required for labor contractions?
 
  A) skeletal muscle
  B) elastic cartilage
  C) stratified squamous
  D) smooth muscle
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#1
6 years ago
1) The sweeping action of the ciliated epithelium is essential in order to propel inhaled dust and other debris out of the respiratory tract. Anything that inhibits this mechanism would allow foreign substances to remain in the tract, which may cause damage. Chemicals such as nicotine may inhibit the action of the cilia, allowing carbon particles found in smoke to reach the lungs.

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2) Epithelial tissue contains no blood vessels but is supplied by nerve fibers.

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3) The trachea is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells. The mucus produced by the goblet cells traps dust, bacteria, and other debris and the cilia move it upwards away from the lungs. The air sacs of the lungs are lined with simple squamous epithelium that serves as a thin, efficient membrane for gas exchange between air and blood. The epidermis of the skin consists of stratified squamous epithelium which functions as physical protection against abrasion, bacteria, and drying out.

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4) Blood does not give mechanical support, its matrix is fluid, the cells are loose, the fibers are soluble, it carries nutrients, waste products, and other substances, and it attaches to several gases.

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5) The most reliable distinctions are two. Compared to stratified squamous epithelium, transitional epithelium has fewer layers (6 or less) and has more rounded surface cells when it is bunched up with more apparent layers and more likely to be mistaken for stratified squamous.

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6) Epithelial versus connective distinctions include: tight cell packing versus wide cell spacing, avascular versus vascular (except cartilage), polar versus nonpolar orientation, no matrix versus matrix (with important fibers), limited versus numerous cell types, and surface versus subsurface purposes.

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7) 1, 4, 3, 7, 6, 5, 2

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8) phagocytosis

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9) Serous membranes line closed ventral body cavities. Three examples are pericardium, pleurae, and peritoneum.

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10) D
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