How does the risk for a mechanically ventilated patient to develop nosocomial pneumonia compare with a nonventilated hospitalized patient?
A. 3 to 2 times higher
B. 5 times higher
C. 10 to 12 times higher
D. as much as 21 times higher
Q. 2 Given the values of the following pressures: Pleural pressure 5 cm H2O Alveolar pressure 5 cm H2O Atmospheric pressure 1034 cm H2O Calculate the transpulmonary pressure gradient as air is leaving the lungs during expiration.
A. 5 cm H2O
B. 0 cm H2O
C. 5 cm H2O
D. 10 cm H2O
Q. 3 Which of the following complications are associated with prone positioning? I. volutrauma II. airway obstruction III. selective bronchial intubation IV. skin breakdown
A. III only
B. II, III only
C. II, III, IV only
D. I, II, III, IV
Q. 4 Which of the following statements are true concerning prone positioning ARDS patients during mechanical ventilation?
A. Patients who have ARDS from septicemia respond better than patients who have ARDS from direct lung injury.
B. Patients who develop ARDS from direct lung injury respond better than those who get ARDS from nonlung injury.
C. Prone positioning reduces length of ICU stay and decreases mortality associated with ARDS.
D. Prone positioning offers improved oxygenation, but does not improve mortality.
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