Which of the following terms are phase variables? I. inspiration II. flow III. cycle IV. trigger
A. I, II only
B. III, IV only
C. I, III only
D. II, IV only
Q. 2 Which of the following statements accurately describe closed-loop control? Closed-loop control: I. maintains consistent inspiratory pressure, volume, or flow waveforms in the presence of changing lung compliance and airway resistance. II. measures the output, and compares it with a reference value. a. III. lacks a stream of information from the output to generate a new input. IV. provides a steady output in the presence of unanticipated disturbances.
A. I, IV only
B. I, II, III only
C. I, II, IV only
D. II, III, IV only
Q. 3 How should a ventilator breath that has the following characteristics during a ventilator-assisted inspiration be classified? I. I. Pressure waveform changes when patient's lung compliance and airway resistance change. II. II. Volume waveform remains constant despite changes in patient's pulmonary compliance and airway resistance. III. III. Volume is measured, and used to control the volume waveform.
A. pressure controlled
B. volume controlled
C. time controlled
D. flow controlled
Q. 4 Which factor(s) in the equation of motion remain constant? I. time II. elastance III. flow IV. airway resistance
A. II only
B. I, III only
C. II, IV only
D. III, IV only
Q. 5 A mechanical ventilator that is connected to a 50 psig gas source, and uses an electrically powered solenoid valve to control the respiratory frequency and I:E ratio can be described as _________________________.
A. pneumatically powered
B. electrically powered
C. flow cycled
D. open-loop controlled
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