Compared to a normal diaphragm, contraction of a diaphragm that is low and flat may result in which of the following?
a. Compression of the thoracic cavity
b. Enhanced venous return and thus cardiac output
c. Greater diaphragmatic efficiency
d. Larger than normal change in thoracic volume
Q. 2 Which of the following muscles are considered primary muscles of ventilation? 1. Diaphragm 2. Intercostals 3. Scalenes 4. Sternomastoid
a. 1, 3, and 4
b. 1 and 2
c. 3 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
Q. 3 What are rib pairs 11 and 12 known as?
a. False ribs
b. Faux ribs
c. Floating ribs
d. True ribs
Q. 4 What does the pump handle movement of rib pairs 2 through 7 achieve?
a. Anchor of the upper chest for diaphrag-matic contraction
b. Diminish of the energy wasted by ineffi-cient muscular contraction
c. Increase in the anteroposterior diameter of the chest
d. Increase in the lateral dimensions of the chest
Q. 5 The intercostal arteries, veins, and nerves run through which of the following?
a. Costal groove on the top of each rib
b. Costal groove on the bottom of each rib
c. Fibers of the intercostal musculature
d. Surface of the parietal pleura
Q. 6 Which of rib pairs connect directly to the sternum?
a. 1 through 4
b. 1 through 7
c. 1 through 12
d. 11 through 12
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