Studies which provide some information on cause-and-effect relationships are called:
a. correlational studies.
b. independent studies.
c. case studies.
d. experiments.
Question 2The groups in an experiment that provides baseline data so that the effectiveness of the independent variable manipulation can be accurately assessed is called the:
a. assessed group.
b. dependent group.
c. control group.
d. independent group.
Question 3In the Katz, Fromme, and D'Amico study which examined the relationship between personality traits and various illicit behaviors, it was found that:
a. low sensation seekers were more likely than high sensation seekers to engage in heavy drinking.
b. high and low sensation seekers both tended to engage in the same level of illicit drug use.
c. high sensation seekers abstained from heavy smoking, whereas low sensation seekers did not.
d. high sensation seekers were more likely than low sensation seekers to engage in heavy drinking.
Question 4If Professor Judson is stimulated to do research on dreaming after reading Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams, we could say that:
a. Freud's views had heuristic value for the professor.
b. Freud's theory had little value for the professor.
c. Freud's theory was so economical that the professor couldn't wait to test it.
d. even though the professor believed the theory was completely accurate he decided to test it anyway.
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