The ABAB design
a. is an example of a single-case design with alternating treatment and no-treatment phases.
b. involves measuring participants on two separate variables of interest.
c. has been recognized as the most externally valid form of clinical research.
d. none of the above
Question 2Which of the following is NOT true of single-case designs?
a. They allow the researcher to draw conclusions about cause and effect.
b. They do not require that a potentially helpful treatment be withheld from any study participant.
c. Ultimately, they require about as many participants as experimental studies comparing groups.
d. All of the above statements are false.
Question 3Dr. Greene would like to conduct an externally valid study on the topic of social anxiety. Which study methodology below is most likely to yield results that are externally valid?
a. case study of an individual with social anxiety
b. single-case design examining the effects of imagery exercises in a person with social anxiety
c. epidemiological study to estimate the prevalence of social anxiety
d. experimental study examining the effects of group therapy (versus being waitlisted) on social anxiety
Question 4External validity is essentially
a. the strength of the cause-effect relationship.
b. irrelevant to experimental research.
c. assured by using a double-blind procedure.
d. generalizability to situations beyond the specific study context.
Question 5Internal validity may be increased by
a. matching participants on important characteristics.
b. randomly assigning participants to treatment groups.
c. employing double-blind procedures.
d. all of the above
Question 6Which type of study methodology does NOT yield results that are internally valid?
a. case study method
b. experimental method
c. single-case design
d. mixed design
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