Which of the following is true of operant behavior according to Skinner?
a. It involves emitted, not elicited, responses.
b. It is modified by the reinforcement that follows the behavior.
c. It produces a change in the organism's environment.
d. All of these are correct.
Question 2Skinner's term for voluntary, spontaneous behavior is:
a. respondent behavior.
c. fixed behavior.
b. operant behavior.
d. extinguishable behavior.
Question 3Skinner believed that respondent behavior:
a. produces a change in the organism's environment.
b. must occur before reinforcement can occur.
c. is emitted in the absence of a stimulus.
d. does not account for all human behavior.
Question 4In his famous salivating dog experiment, Ivan Pavlov demonstrated that:
a. animals other than humans can exhibit higher intelligence.
b. learning primarily depends on the internal state.
c. reinforcement is necessary for learning.
d. all animals are governed by the laws of operant behavior.
Question 5To condition a dog to salivate, Pavlov:
a. recreated its keeper's footsteps after the dog smelled food.
b. rang the bell shortly before the dog smelled food.
c. rang the bell after the dog smelled food.
d. recreated its keeper's footsteps before the dog smelled food.
Question 6Which of the following does Ivan Pavlov's classical conditioning involve?
a. Substituting one stimulus for another
b. Elimination of conditioned responses
c. Respondent behavior that is unlearned
d. All of these are correct.
Question 7When a specific stimulus elicits a response, it is called:
a. operant conditioning.
c. respondent behavior.
b. fixed-interval reinforcement.
d. extinction.
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