The key idea in Maslow's hierarchy of needs is that:

(Answer to Q. 1)  ANS: C
FEEDBACK: In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the needs are arranged in order from strongest at the bottom to the weakest at the top. Lower needs must be at least partially satisfied before higher needs become influential.

(Answer to Q. 2)  ANS: B
FEEDBACK: According to Maslow's needs-hierarchy theory, hungry people are preoccupied with satisfying the physiological need for food, not with obtaining approval and esteem from other people. It is only when people have adequate food and shelter, and when the rest of the lower needs are satisfied, that they are motivated by needs that rank higher in the hierarchy.

(Answer to Q. 3)  ANS: B
FEEDBACK: Maslow proposed a hierarchy of five innate needs that activate and direct human behavior (1968, 1970b). They are the physiological, safety, belongingness and love, esteem, and self-actualization needs. Maslow described these needs as instinctoid, by which he meant that they have a hereditary component.

(Answer to Q. 4)  ANS: C
FEEDBACK: In 1941, Maslow witnessed a parade shortly after Japan's surprise attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, precipitating U.S. involvement in World War II. The experience changed his thinking and he resolved to devote himself to developing a psychology that would deal with the highest human ideals. He would work to improve the human personality and to demonstrate that people are capable of displaying better behavior than prejudice, hatred, and aggression.

(Answer to Q. 5)  ANS: D
FEEDBACK: Several influences brought about a profound shift in Maslow's thinking. He was deeply affected by the onset of World War II and by the birth of his first child. About the baby he said, I was stunned by the mystery and by the sense of not really being in control. I felt small and weak and feeble before all this. I'd say anyone who had a baby couldn't be a behaviorist.

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