Sandy is a 13-year-old girl who has begun to look at herself in the mirror many times each day; each time, she looks at image in the mirror and tries to judge how other people would see her. Sandy is probably experiencing
a. a ruminative style.
b. microaggressions.
c. amenorrhea.
d. objectified body consciousness.
Question 2In what way are the fashion magazines related to the issue of eating disorders in women?
a. Women often report that the very thin women in these fashion magazines make them dissatisfied with their own bodies.
b. Many articles in the fashion magazines now provide specific exercise techniques that encourage weight loss.
c. The fashion magazines present a wide range of body types, but the thinnest women are wearing the most expensive clothing.
d. Because fashion magazines have been partly responsible for eating disorders, these magazines now emphasize individual differences in women's weight.
Question 3The culture of thinness is a topic that is discussed in connection with body weight and eating disorders. Which of the following people provides the best information about this topic?
a. Werner: The culture of thinness is a new approach to body-weight issues, in which people encourage young women to focus on their skills and strengths, instead of thinness..
b. Sophie: The media and other aspects of our culture encourage young women to emphasize the importance of being slender..
c. Yasujiro: Young women should not limit their food intake, but they should be encouraged to participate in the culture of thinness by talking with their friends about exercises and other weight-loss techniques..
d. Lucille: The culture of thinness is a form of psychotherapy that encourages young women to ruminate..
Question 4According to your textbook, which of the following would be the most effective way to bring about long-term improvements in the incidence of depression in women?
a. Develop new antidepressant medicines that have fewer side effects
b. Increase the funding for training more psychotherapists
c. Work to solve the social problems that help to create depression
d. Acknowledge that the best way to treat depression is to require every community to publicize problems related to mental health.
Question 5According to your textbook's conclusions about gender and depression,
a. the gender ratio has changed dramatically during the last decade, so that the number of depressed men is roughly equal to the number of depressed women.
b. it's difficultbut importantto address the social problems that make depression more common in women than in men.
c. women are more likely than men to benefit from the use of antidepressants.
d. politicians tend to emphasize that depression is caused by societal problems, rather than by biological factors.
Question 6Which of the following students best summarizes the information on gender and depression?
a. Megan: Researchers should continue to investigate hormonal and genetic factors related to depression..
b. Kiera: Therapists should help women readjust their distracting style of response to focus on the causes of their depression..
c. Govinda: We can accurately predict each woman's likelihood of depression once we assess risk factors such as poverty and gender inequities in relationships..
d. Adrian: Addressing the problem of women's depression will probably involve working to change social inequities..
Question 7According to the information about distracting and ruminative styles of responding to depression,
a. a distracting style can be helpful in overcoming a depressed mood.
b. men are more likely than women to show a ruminative style in dealing with depression.
c. in the long run, a person with a distracting style will do more thinking about his or her problems than a person with a ruminative style.
d. this is one area where the gender differences are so large that there is virtually no overlap.
Question 8When researchers study ruminative and distracting styles of response to depression, they propose that
a. rumination makes it easier to analyze the possible causes of one's depression.
b. distracting styles are consistently beneficial to people who are depressed.
c. generally, distracting styles tend to be dangerous and are not recommended.
d. rumination may create a negative bias in people's thinking, which can prolong and intensify a negative mood.
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