After a fall on a bicycle, a 15-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department complaining of ...

The answer to question 1  D
Torsion of the testicle often occurs after trauma and manifests in acute scrotal pain, absence of the cremasteric reflex, and nausea/vomiting. A hydrocele (fluid accumulation in the scrotum) is usually painless and causes scrotal enlargement. A variocele is a painful swelling that results when tributary vessels of the spermatic vein dilate and clump. Prostatitis, or inflammation of the prostate, occurs from an infectious agent or other causes. Symptoms include recurrent urinary infection, pelvic pain, and sexual dysfunction and are often mistaken for benign prostatic hyper-plasia (BPH).

The answer to question 2  A, D
Acute pulmonary edema (acute left ventricular failure) is a medical emergency that must be treated promptly. The patient with this condition has severe dyspnea; a cough productive of fro-thy, pink-tinged sputum; tachycardia; and moist, bubbling respirations with cyanosis. Nursing interventions for acute pulmonary edema include placing the patient in high Fowler position to relieve the dyspnea; administering oxygen, diuretics, morphine, and other prescribed drugs; li-miting and monitoring activity; and assessing cardiopulmonary status. Limiting activity and placing the patient in high Fowler do not require a physician's order and should be implemented immediately. Acute pulmonary edema is a medical emergency, and activity necessary to obtain a daily weight is not indicated at this time. Administering morphine and diuretics are dependent nursing interventions.

The answer to question 3  B
Cold application to the surgical site applies the best independent intervention. Dimming the lights may also help to create a more comfortable environment. Administering an analgesic and irrigating the drainage tube are interventions that require a physician's order.

The answer to question 4  B, C, D, E
A cataract is opacity of the lens that produces an effect similar to one a person would get when looking through a sheet of falling water. A cataract causes a blurring of vision because the lens, which is normally transparent, becomes cloudy and opaque. Nystagmus is not a symptom of a cataract. All other options are classic symptoms of a person with a developing cataract.

The answer to question 5  B
Pharyngitis (sore throat) will be treated with an antibiotic only if the infection is deemed bacterial in etiology. Protozoa, viruses, and fungi do not respond to antibiotics.

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