Following a fall, a patient is brought to the emergency department. There was a

1 -- Classic signs of an epidural hematoma include a loss of consciousness followed by a brief lucid period before rapid deterioration. Because this injury involves a skull fracture that tears an artery, the patient is bleeding uncontrollably into the head. Increased intracranial pressure and herniation will occur without prompt and timely intervention. A subdural hematoma would be manifested by drowsiness, confusion, and enlargement of the ipsilateral pupil within minutes of the injury. Hemiparesis and changes in respiratory pattern may soon follow. The assessments as stated indicate that the patient will require immediate intervention and not simply observation.

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