The patient history plays an important role in assessing the patient's nutritional status. Significant laboratory and clinical findings in the patient with cardiovascular disease include
a. low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and transferrin.
b. elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and decreased subcutaneous fat.
c. elevated sodium levels and a soft, fatty liver on palpation.
d. normal triglyceride levels and the presence of S3 on auscultation.
Question 2A patient with mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can expect treatment to consist of
a. medical management with protriptyline.
b. weight loss, elimination of alcohol before bedtime, and side sleeping.
c. immediate use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
d. surgical intervention with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP).
Question 3A nurse is teaching an older patient about the signs and symptoms of a myocardial infarction. Which statement by the patient would indicate that the teaching was effective?
a. The pain in my chest may last a long time.
b. I will feel like I have an elephant sitting on the center of my chest.
c. The chest pain will be sharp and over the center of my chest.
d. The pain may not be severe and may not be in my chest.
Question 4A mechanically ventilated patient with an endotracheal tube in the critical care unit is being actively weaned and is off sedation medication
As he begins to wake up for the first time since his admission, he becomes increasingly agitated, pulling at his gown, kicking his feet, and grimacing. The nurse responds to the situation by
a. medically treating the patient to sedate him again.
b. putting him in restraints because his issues are behavioral.
c. telling him to stop moving around before he extubates himself.
d. quickly providing emotional comfort to reduce the patient's anxiety and telling him simple facts to help him understand the situation.
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