A 40-year-old woman reports a change in mole size, accompanied by color changes, itching, burning, and bleeding over the past month. She has a dark complexion and has no family history of skin cancer, but she has had many blistering sunburns in the past.
The nurse would:
a.
Tell the patient to watch the lesion and report back in 2 months.
b.
Refer the patient because of the suggestion of melanoma on the basis of her symptoms.
c.
Ask additional questions regarding environmental irritants that may have caused this condition.
d.
Tell the patient that these signs suggest a compound nevus, which is very common in young to middle-aged adults.
Question 2While performing an assessment of a 65-year-old man with a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease, the nurse notices the presence of bilateral pitting edema in the lower legs. The skin is puffy and tight but normal in color.
No increased redness or tenderness is observed over his lower legs, and the peripheral pulses are equal and strong. In this situation, the nurse suspects that the likely cause of the edema is which condition?
a.
Heart failure
b.
Venous thrombosis
c.
Local inflammation
d.
Blockage of lymphatic drainage
Question 3A mother brings her child into the clinic for an examination of the scalp and hair. She states that the child has developed irregularly shaped patches with broken-off, stublike hair in some places; she is worried that this condition could be some form of
premature baldness. The nurse tells her that it is:
a.
Folliculitis that can be treated with an antibiotic.
b.
Traumatic alopecia that can be treated with antifungal medications.
c.
Tinea capitis that is highly contagious and needs immediate attention.
d.
Trichotillomania; her child probably has a habit of absentmindedly twirling her hair.
Question 4A 45-year-old farmer comes in for a skin evaluation and complains of hair loss on his head. His hair seems to be breaking off in patches, and he notices some scaling on his head. The nurse begins the examination suspecting:
a. Tinea capitis.
b. Folliculitis.
c. Toxic alopecia. d.
Seborrheic dermatitis.
Question 5A physician has diagnosed a patient with purpura. After leaving the room, a nursing student asks the nurse what the physician saw that led to that diagnosis. The nurse should say, The physician is referring to the:
a. Blue dilation of blood vessels in a star-shaped linear pattern on the legs.
b. Fiery red, star-shaped marking on the cheek that has a solid circular center.
c. Confluent and extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymoses on the feet.
d. Tiny areas of hemorrhage that are less than 2 mm, round, discrete, and dark red in color.
Question 6The nurse notices that a school-aged child has bluish-white, red-based spots in her mouth that are elevated approximately 1 to 3 mm. What other signs would the nurse expect to find in this patient?
a. Pink, papular rash on the face and neck
b. Pruritic vesicles over her trunk and neck
c. Hyperpigmentation on the chest, abdomen, and back of the arms
d. Red-purple, maculopapular, blotchy rash behind the ears and on the face
Question 7The nurse is assessing the skin of a patient who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and notices multiple patchlike lesions on the temple and beard area that are faint pink in color. The nurse recognizes these lesions as:
a. Measles (rubeola).
b. Kaposi's sarcoma. c.
Angiomas.
d. Herpes zoster.
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