Betsy Winslow is a 62-year-old retired school teacher. She is 5'3 tall and weighs 155 pounds (BMI 27.5). Mrs. Winslow is a member of a walking group that meets three mornings a week. She walks two miles each morning. After experiencing episodes of chest pain and shortness of breath when walking, she made an appointment to see her physician. Her laboratory results are as follows: Total cholesterol 251 mg/dL HDL cholesterol 47 mg/dL LDL cholesterol 146 mg/dL Triglycerides 203 mg/dL Mrs. Winslow's 24-hour recall reveals the following intake: Breakfast: Scrambled eggs, bacon, toast with butter and jelly Lunch: Hamburger, pizza, salad with Italian dressing Dinner: Fried chicken, mashed potatoes and gravy, buttered corn on the cob, 2 milk, sweet tea, coconut cake Snack: Ice cream, cola Snack: 3 chocolate cookies, 2 milk To reduce her risk of CHD, Mrs. Winslow's LDL should be _____ mg/dL.
a. <100
b. <130
c. >140
d. >120
e. <150
Q. 2The kidneys will make concentrated urine when the body is in a state of:
A) hyperhydration.
B) dehydration.
C) obligatory hydration.
D) hypo-osmotic fluid intake.
E) trans-osmolarity.
Q. 3Betsy Winslow is a 62-year-old retired school teacher. She is 5'3 tall and weighs 155 pounds (BMI 27.5). Mrs. Winslow is a member of a walking group that meets three mornings a week. She walks two miles each morning. After experiencing episodes of chest pain and shortness of breath when walking, she made an appointment to see her physician. Her laboratory results are as follows: Total cholesterol 251 mg/dL HDL cholesterol 47 mg/dL LDL cholesterol 146 mg/dL Triglycerides 203 mg/dL Mrs. Winslow's 24-hour recall reveals the following intake: Breakfast: Scrambled eggs, bacon, toast with butter and jelly Lunch: Hamburger, pizza, salad with Italian dressing Dinner: Fried chicken, mashed potatoes and gravy, buttered corn on the cob, 2 milk, sweet tea, coconut cake Snack: Ice cream, cola Snack: 3 chocolate cookies, 2 milk Assuming Mrs. Winslow's 24-hour recall is typical of her eating habits, her high cholesterol is most likely due to a _____.
a. high intake of saturated fat
b. high intake of fiber
c. low intake of polyunsaturated fat
d. low intake of simple sugars
e. high intake of sodium
Q. 4Too much sodium in the body may result in:
A) pernicious anemia.
B) dehydration.
C) tachycardia.
D) goiter.
E) edema.
Q. 5Betsy Winslow is a 62-year-old retired school teacher. She is 5'3 tall and weighs 155 pounds (BMI 27.5). Mrs. Winslow is a member of a walking group that meets three mornings a week. She walks two miles each morning. After experiencing episodes of chest pain and shortness of breath when walking, she made an appointment to see her physician. Her laboratory results are as follows: Total cholesterol 251 mg/dL HDL cholesterol 47 mg/dL LDL cholesterol 146 mg/dL Triglycerides 203 mg/dL Mrs. Winslow's 24-hour recall reveals the following intake: Breakfast: Scrambled eggs, bacon, toast with butter and jelly Lunch: Hamburger, pizza, salad with Italian dressing Dinner: Fried chicken, mashed potatoes and gravy, buttered corn on the cob, 2 milk, sweet tea, coconut cake Snack: Ice cream, cola Snack: 3 chocolate cookies, 2 milk Which factor does not contribute to Mrs. Winslow's increased risk for developing CHD?
a. high triglycerides
b. age
c. gender
d. intake of saturated fats
e. intake of sweetened foods and beverages
Q. 6Pantothenic acid functions in:
A) insulin synthesis.
B) bone mineralization.
C) cholesterol metabolism.
D) nucleic acid synthesis.
E) formation of collagen.
Q. 7Chronic protein-energy malnutrition that develops as a consequence of heart failure is called _____.
a. congestive heart failure
b. cardiomegaly
c. cardiac cachexia
d. tachycardia
e. cardiomyopathy
Q. 8Choline functions in:
A) copper metabolism.
B) memory.
C) appetite regulation.
D) nucleic acid synthesis.
E) formation of collagen.
Q. 9A patient who is following a low-sodium diet should avoid _____.
a. canned fruit
b. fresh meat
c. tomato-based products
d. milk
e. whole wheat flour
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