A client with type 2 diabetes is at risk for cardiac problems because:
a. diabetes accelerates development of atherosclerosis.
b. sustained rapid heart rates occur in diabetic clients and these stress the myocardium.
c. hypovolemia that occurs in the diabetic causes the heart to have to work harder.
d. diabetes causes increased force of myocardial contractions that increases oxygen consumption.
Q. 2What statement by a diabetic client indicates a possible safety issue?
a. I notice that my fingers are numb, but I can still hand quilt and do alterations as a seamstress as fast as I always have.
b. I have to have electrocardiograms and stress tests during my physical exam.
c. I get my results from the 24-hour urine test for protein that I have to do every year.
d. My glycosated hemoglobin is better now that I am exercising every day.
Q. 3Pathophysiological factors related to diabetes include all of the following except:
a. cells do not respond to insulin.
b. the pancreas may not produce insulin at all.
c. beta cells do not secrete adequate levels of insulin.
d. symptoms correlate with the degree of hyperglycemia.
Q. 4Diabetes mellitus is a significant disease in that:
a. it can lead to elevated high-density lipoproteins circulating in the blood.
b. it can cause damage to body systems before symptoms develop.
c. it can damage alveolar sacs resulting in respiratory failure.
d. it is the leading cause of death in the United States.
Q. 5Glucagon works to control glycemic levels by:
a. stimulating the liver to convert glycogen to glucose.
b. providing a synergistic effect with insulin.
c. protecting against diabetic coma.
d. reversing hyperglycemia.
Q. 6The hormone secreted from the alpha cells in the pancreas to help stabilize blood glucose levels is:
a. insulin.
b. acetone.
c. glucagon.
d. glycogen.
Q. 7Which of the following neurological assessments would least likely identify neurological damage from chronic ethanol abuse?
a. observe gait
b. have client perform finger to nose test
c. perform two-point discrimination of dull versus sharp sensation
d. have client place heel of one foot onto shin of other leg and slide foot down shin
Q. 8Alcohol intake may cause weight gain because of all of the following except:
a. it may stimulate appetite.
b. alcohol delivers 7 kcalories / g.
c. alcohol abuse can lead to fluid retention.
d. it metabolizes into adipose tissue more quickly than other sources of kcalories.
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