Constipation is a risk factor for diverticular disease or diverticulosis. _____ can increase fecal mass and therefore can prevent or alleviate constipation.
A. Dietary fiber
B. Starch
C. Simple carbohydrates
D. Bacteria present in the large intestine
Q. 2Increasing dietary fiber may be helpful to people with type 2 diabetes because it has been shown to
A. increase pancreatic function.
B. reduce glucagon levels.
C. reduce insulin levels.
D. reduce blood glucose levels.
Q. 3Dietary fiber is classified as a complex carbohydrate because
A. it is an energy storage molecule much like starch and glycogen.
B. it consists of a group of plant polysaccharides.
C. it is not digestible by human enzymes.
D. it uses the same types of chemical bonds as are found in starch.
Q. 4Starch and glycogen are similar molecules. The two molecules differ because
A. starch molecules are made of long chains of glucose, whereas glycogen molecules are made of glucose and galactose.
B. starch molecules are branched, whereas glycogen molecules are linear.
C. starch molecules are made in plants, while glycogen molecules are made in animals.
D. starch molecules store glucose in plants, while glycogen molecules have little storage capacity.
Q. 5When comparing ingredients on food labels at a grocery store, take notice of added sugars in foods. Some common names for added sugars include all of the following except:
A. corn syrup.
B. maltose.
C. dextrose.
D. high-fructose corn syrup.
E. fiber.
Q. 6Type 2 diabetes
A. is the least common form of diabetes.
B. occurs during childhood or adolescence.
C. is caused by insulin resistance.
D. is thought to be an autoimmune disorder.
Q. 7Type 1 diabetes
A. occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to produce insulin.
B. is characterized by hypoglycemia.
C. typically develops during middle age.
D. is highly associated with obesity.
Q. 8Glycolysis is
A. the pathway that combines two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules to form the 6-carbon glucose molecule.
B. the anabolic pathway used to derive energy form glucose.
C. the catabolic pathway used to derive energy from glucose.
D. an oxygen-requiring, aerobic pathway.
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