Scientists use many techniques to decrease bias in studies. What do scientists call the technique in which the participants do not know if they are receiving the actual treatment or a fake?
a. Blinding
b. Randomization
c. Use of control groups
d. Use of placebos
Q. 2Jim, a 21-year-old, medium-frame 62 senior weighing in at 205 lbs is a very active varsity wrestler majoring in psychology. He is participating in a Hydration Study that includes the collection of the following data: body composition analysis utilizing the Bod Pod, food/beverage intake via dietary assessment questionnaire, urine sample, and analysis of saliva. The following data have been provided to assist in answering the questions.
Bod Pod Results:
59 body water
86.7 lean mass
13.3 fat mass
Reference Values for Bod Pod:
Risky (high body fat) = men: >30; women: >40
Excess fat = men: 21-30; women: 31-40
Moderately lean = men: 13-20; women: 23-30
Lean = men: 9-12; women: 19-22
Ultra lean = men: 5-8; women: 15-18
Risky (low body fat) = men: <5; women: <15
24-Hour Recall:
3540 kcalories
177 grams protein
118 grams fat
Males: EER = 662 - 9.53 x Age (y) + PA x (15.91 x weight in kg) + (539.6 x height in m)
PA Values: Sedentary = 1.0, Low Active = 1.11, Active = 1.25, Very Active = 1.48
How many total kcalories would Jim require
post season to meet his estimated energy requirements (EER)?
a. 2958
b. 3325
c. 3665
d. 4157
Q. 3Studying phenomena within living organisms is referred to as studies conducted _____.
a. in vitro
b. in vivo
c. randomly
d. organically
Q. 4Jim, a 21-year-old, medium-frame 62 senior weighing in at 205 lbs is a very active varsity wrestler majoring in psychology. He is participating in a Hydration Study that includes the collection of the following data: body composition analysis utilizing the Bod Pod, food/beverage intake via dietary assessment questionnaire, urine sample, and analysis of saliva. The following data have been provided to assist in answering the questions.
Bod Pod Results:
59 body water
86.7 lean mass
13.3 fat mass
Reference Values for Bod Pod:
Risky (high body fat) = men: >30; women: >40
Excess fat = men: 21-30; women: 31-40
Moderately lean = men: 13-20; women: 23-30
Lean = men: 9-12; women: 19-22
Ultra lean = men: 5-8; women: 15-18
Risky (low body fat) = men: <5; women: <15
24-Hour Recall:
3540 kcalories
177 grams protein
118 grams fat
Males: EER = 662 - 9.53 x Age (y) + PA x (15.91 x weight in kg) + (539.6 x height in m)
PA Values: Sedentary = 1.0, Low Active = 1.11, Active = 1.25, Very Active = 1.48
The wrestling season has ended and Jim does not want to gain weight. His activity level will change from very active to sedentary. Approximately how many kcalories
less per day will he need post season?
a. 600
b. 800
c. 1000
d. 1200
Q. 5Which term describes a study where neither the researcher nor the participants know who is in the treatment group and who is not?
a. Randomized-trial
b. Placebo-controlled
c. Double-blind
d. Researcher-protected
Q. 6Jim, a 21-year-old, medium-frame 62 senior weighing in at 205 lbs is a very active varsity wrestler majoring in psychology. He is participating in a Hydration Study that includes the collection of the following data: body composition analysis utilizing the Bod Pod, food/beverage intake via dietary assessment questionnaire, urine sample, and analysis of saliva. The following data have been provided to assist in answering the questions.
Bod Pod Results:
59 body water
86.7 lean mass
13.3 fat mass
Reference Values for Bod Pod:
Risky (high body fat) = men: >30; women: >40
Excess fat = men: 21-30; women: 31-40
Moderately lean = men: 13-20; women: 23-30
Lean = men: 9-12; women: 19-22
Ultra lean = men: 5-8; women: 15-18
Risky (low body fat) = men: <5; women: <15
24-Hour Recall:
3540 kcalories
177 grams protein
118 grams fat
Males: EER = 662 - 9.53 x Age (y) + PA x (15.91 x weight in kg) + (539.6 x height in m)
PA Values: Sedentary = 1.0, Low Active = 1.11, Active = 1.25, Very Active = 1.48
How many kcalories would Jim require to meet his estimated energy requirements (EER)?
a. 2955
b. 3325
c. 3665
d. 4157
Q. 7What is a fake or imitation treatment called?
a. Replica
b. Synthetic
c. Mock
d. Placebo
Q. 8Random assignment of participants to treatment or control groups is important because it distributes _____ equally among study groups.
a. confounding variables
b. men and women
c. subjects with different ethnic backgrounds
d. consequence factors
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