Essential amino acids are those that the healthy adult body can synthesize, given the needed parts. ...

Answer to #1

FALSE

Answer to #2

TRUE

Answer to #3

Factors that impact HDL levels:

 One factor is gender. Women have higher HDL cholesterol levels than men. However, heart disease is the major cause of death among women after menopause, when low levels of estrogen lead to a decrease in HDL levels along with an increase in LDL levels.
 Another factor, interestingly, seems to be smoking habits. Nonsmokers have uniformly higher HDL levels than do smokers.
 Still another factor is body weight. Those who are overweight may increase HDL levels by losing weight.

Answer to #4

TRUE

Answer to #5

The Mediterranean diet refers to the nutritional habits of people living in Greece, France, Italy, and other countries around the Mediterranean Sea. Only a fraction of the heart disease and related deaths experienced by people living in Western, industrial countries like the United States is seen in these particular countries.

The traditional Mediterranean diet is rich in fruits, vegetables, grains, fish, and beans, whereas most American diets include much more meat and other animal products known to be high in saturated fat. Thus, the Mediterranean diet is high in the vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phytochemicals that keep bodies healthy and low in saturated fat, because Mediterranean people consume so little meat and butter.

Answer to #6

TRUE

Answer to #7

A strong association between moderate alcohol consumption and low rates of heart disease was first observed in France and then in other wine-drinking areas of the Mediterranean. Researchers have since identified antioxidants and other compounds in red wine that decrease blood clotting, and this may help explain part of the French paradox or how a region with high fat intakes could have such low rates of heart disease. Researchers are quick to point out, however, that other factors certainly may contribute to the paradox. For example, the French consume about 57 percent of their day's calories before 2 p.m., whereas most Americans have consumed only about 38 percent of their calories by that time. Also, the French mostly consume their wine with meals, and they eat more fruits and vegetables and leaner cuts of meat.

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