Daniel is very extraverted. He admits that he is not comfortable unless surrounded by other people, and he energetically pursues activities that require the company of others.
His cousin Bill, about the same age, is very introverted. Bill is self-reflective and prefers more solitary pursuits. Based on these personality characteristics alone, what can you predict about the subjective well-being of Daniel and Bill?
a. Daniel is probably happier than Bill.
b. Bill is probably happier than Daniel.
c. Daniel and Bill are probably equally happy.
d. Personality has no bearing on subjective well-being.
Q. 2Individuals who are off-time with regard to the social clock
a. are retired.
b. are uncertain about when to make major changes in their lives, such as when to retire.
c. have not met their major life goals at a time consistent with their expectations.
d. are obsessive about being on time.
Q. 3Joe, a 52-year-old, lost his job when the plant he managed was closed, and his overall life satisfaction plummeted. After 9 months out of work, Joe was fortunate to find another, similar position. What can we expect for Joe now?
a. Joe's overall life satisfaction will now return to the baseline he experienced before the job loss.
b. Joe's overall life satisfaction will rise, but will not return to baseline.
c. Joe's overall life satisfaction will continue to fall.
d. Joe's overall life satisfaction will not change in relation to job loss or reemployment.
Q. 4Brenda and Louise are twin sisters who each married 20 years ago. Brenda and her husband run a small piano tuning business.
They have had a small, loyal customer base, and their modest but adequate income has not changed over time. Louise and her husband each work for a corporation, and their incomes have steadily increased over the last 20 years allowing them to increase their standard of living. Assuming that Brenda and Louise began their married lives equally happy, and based on their income histories alone, what would you predict about the subjective well-being of Brenda and Louise today?
a. Louise is probably happier than Brenda.
b. Brenda is probably happier than Louise.
c. Louise and Brenda are probably still about equally happy.
d. There is no way to assess relative happiness.
Q. 5In his approach to couples therapy, Gottman encourages couples to recognize relationship problems that are the result of differences in temperament and attitudes (e.g., different approaches to money)
as chronic and inevitable, much like chronic physical ailments that come on as we get older. This approach is similar to ____________, one of the adaptive mechanisms described by life span developmental theorists.
a. growth
b. maintenance or resilience
c. regulation of loss
d. the steady-state model
Q. 6Based on research, which adolescent and early adult characteristics are most strongly related to high levels of generativity in middle adulthood?
a. Extraversion and agreeableness.
b. Agreeableness and openness.
c. Affiliation and power needs.
d. Introversion and agreeableness.
Q. 7According to Carter and McGoldrick, one of the second-order changes in the family in the launching period is
a. differentiating the self from one's family of origin.
b. maintaining couple functioning in the face of physiological decline.
c. opening up the boundaries to allow adolescent children to move in and out of the system.
d. renegotiating the marital system as a dyad.
Q. 8In Gottman's (1999) research, which of the following four horsemen of the apocalypse behaviors is most predictive of relationship failure?
a. Criticism.
b. Defensiveness.
c. Contempt.
d. Stonewalling.
Q. 9Based upon research about marital relationships conducted by Gottman, what feature of a relationship best predicts the demise of a relationship?
a. Homeostatic steady state.
b. Negative affect reciprocity.
c. Disillusionment.
d. Childlessness.
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