The most important aspect of care for the nurse to maintain when assisting an older patient with ...

Answer to #1

D

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A Incorrect. Rubber garments, in particular, are hot and can cause skin irritation.
B Incorrect. Internal catheters should be used only for a short time and under li-mited circumstances.
C Incorrect. Smooth muscle relaxant use is indicated only for urge incontinence and overactive bladder.
D Correct. The nurse recognizes that incontinence is a sign of an underlying prob-lem and that it is not an inevitable result of aging. In addition, the nurse offers dignity, hope, and understanding by maintaining a positive and respectful man-ner and by communicating that effective treatments are available.

Answer to #2

D
Without an adequate assessment, medications can exacerbate a problem. Denial and regression may be necessary to enable an older person to cope with underlying stressors. Depression, de-mentia, disease, and medications can produce anxious behavior, and the resultant anxiety can be manifested in a similar manner, regardless of the cause. Compulsive rituals can be a way of cop-ing with challenges leading to anxiety.

Answer to #3

C

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A Incorrect. Unlike children, abused elders cannot be removed from situations without their permission. Helping the daughter deal with the situational stress would be more effective.
B Incorrect. This solution can help the daughter learn more effective and harmless ways of solving problems, but it does not address the short-term crisis.
C Correct. By relieving the daughter of some responsibilities, respite care is likely to be beneficial for the older adult and his daughter because it can help to reduce tension.
D Incorrect. This measure may eventually be necessary, but it would be better to improve the living situation within the patient's family.

Answer to #4

B
Because antipsychotic medications potentially impair the body's thermoregulatory ability, the nurse instructs an older adult who takes an antipsychotic agent such as chlorpromazine to avoid caffeinated beverages because they contribute to dehydration. This man is at high risk for organ damage as a result of hyperthermia from mild elevations in the environmental temperature; therefore he must avoid dehydration, stay in cool temperatures, keep out of direct sunlight, and alert people around him and caregivers to monitor his temperature carefully and to be prepared to provide cooling sponge baths, cool liquids, and other measures to reduce his temperature quickly. The nurse instructs all older adults to avoid eating biscuits and gravy because these items have an excessively high fat content. Whole grain bread is a healthy food item to choose. Mixed green salad is a healthy food item to choose.

Answer to #5

B

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A Incorrect. This is a true statement.
B Correct. This is not a true statement. Caffeine increases urine production and therefore aggravates dehydration rather than relieving it.
C Incorrect. This is a true statement. Sports drinks can be easily absorbed, and they help restore electrolyte balance.
D Incorrect. This is a true statement.

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