Passive resistance to a law that is perceived as unjust by openly refusing to obey it is called
a. a strike.
b. a work stoppage.
c. litigation.
d. legal boycott.
e. civil disobedience.
Question -2-Many of the most ardent abolitionists who advocated an end to slavery still saw a distinction between economic rights, to which they felt African Americans were entitled, and political rights. How did they justify such a distinction in their minds?
a. Political rights, including suffrage, were somehow not viewed as natural entitlements.
b. Economic factors made money for the abolitionists while political factors did not.
c. Many abolitionists believed that economic freedom would come first, and then political freedom would follow.
d. The abolitionists believed that slaves should be free to determine basic destinies, such as where they live and work, but they believed that African Americans would never win a political office and should be denied the right to vote.
e. The abolitionists really only wanted partial freedoms for the slaves.
Question -3-An interesting characteristic of many white abolitionists in the late eighteenth century was that
a. they did not have the political clout to complete the task.
b. these abolitionists were martyred for their beliefs.
c. because they were white, many slaves did not trust them and would not cooperate.
d. even these abolitionists, though opposed to slavery, did not believe that freed slaves should vote or serve on juries.
e. their work sparked outrage and ignited lynching and other criminal acts.
Question -4-When the organized anti-slavery movement in the United States began in the late 1700s, what was meant by the concept of gradual emancipation?
a. Gradual emancipation was meant to give the freed slaves plenty of time to assimilate into society by gradually releasing them from property status.
b. Advocates of gradual emancipation believed that by preventing the extension of slavery to new areas and relocating emancipated slaves outside of the U.S., slavery would eventually die out.
c. Gradual emancipation referred to outright abolition of slavery, but only in one state at a time.
d. Gradual emancipation meant a quick and decisive abolition of slavery, and was called progressive because it indicated an immediate step forward.
e. Gradual emancipation meant that the states, due to their inability to eliminate slavery, would surrender sovereignty to the federal government in order to abolish slavery.
Question -5-What is the underlying goal of protesters who use civil disobedience as a tactic?
a. They want to create a sharp divide and create tensions in order to bring attention to the cause.
b. They want to use passive resistance to disobey what they believe to be an unjust law and to openly bring attention to a cause.
c. They want to challenge the legal system by flooding the courts with arrests and minor criminal cases.
d. They want to illustrate their desire to overthrow the American system, which they believe to be thoroughly flawed.
e. They intend to frustrate the citizens as a form of retribution against them for discriminatory practices.
Question -6-When anti-discrimination legislation failed to provide the necessary and desired results, civil rights leaders often turned to the courts for relief and support. Litigation efforts culminated in the 1954 landmark Supreme Court case of
Brown v. Board of Education. What did this ruling require?
a. freedom for all slaves in the southern states
b. reparations for descendants of former slaves
c. free college tuition at all state universities
d. desegregation of all public schools
e. creation of affirmative action programs for all employers and college admission offices
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