Standardized tests are typically
a. developed, administered, and scored under very specific guidelines.
b. meet specified psychometric standards.
c. have questions that are framed and communicated in a consistent and precise manner.
d. all of the above.
Question 2...Summative assessments
a. are intended to provide cumulative information about student achievements over time.
b. usually occur and are recorded on a daily basis.
c. are best obtained early in the school year so interventions can occur.
d. focus primarily on psychosocial development.
Question 3...The ability to set relevant and developmentally appropriate goals and expectations for all children, including children with special needs and talents and children with limited English proficiency, depends on the assessor's
a. prior experience with children of varying ages.
b. comprehensive knowledge of how children grow, develop, and learn.
c. acquaintance with the content area instructor's manuals.
d. ability to interact in a positive manner with diverse populations of children.
Question 4...Katz and Chard (2000) are important researchers in the field of early childhood education. Their most notable contributions can be defined as which of the following ideas?
a. They developed a model of cognitive development based upon behaviorist principles.
b. They advanced the idea of project-based learning where inquiry in child-centered and question-focused.
c. They supported a textbook and worksheet approach and model of curriculum development.
d. They were pioneers in the development of the theory of play.