Describe at least one limitation that elementary school students may have in each one of the following aspects of language, and illustrate each limitation with a concrete example:
a. Vocabulary
b. Syntax
c. Listening comprehension
d. Oral communication
Ques. 2The subset of a complete set of individuals to which a set of results will be generalized.
a. population
b. content
c. construct
d. sample
Ques. 3The Test Makers Group is constructing a new test to be standardized. They have decided to draw their sample where they proportionately take into account, in the group on which they try out the test, all of the characteristics that might be relevant to the scores that people receive. What kind of sample is Test Makers Group using?
a. stratified random
b. representative
c. actual
d. random
Ques. 4Which one of the following fifth graders most clearly shows signs that, as an infant, he or she had a close attachment to one or more parents or other primary caregivers?
a. Miranda seems withdrawn and frightened much of the time.
b. Mike seems unusually preoccupied with an attractive young actress who stars in a popular television show.
c. Shelly has no friends and behaves aggressively toward the other girls in her class.
d. Jeffrey is self-confident and often likes to work independently.
Ques. 5The Test Makers Group constructed a new test in which the balance of relevant attributes in the sample is the same as that in the population. What kind of sample do the Test Makers Group have?
a. stratified random
b. representative
c. actual
d. random
Ques. 6The consistency of test results.
a. validity
b. construct
c. reliability
d. norms
Ques. 7The degree to which a test provides measurements that are appropriate for its intended purpose.
a. validity
b. construct
c. reliability
d. norms
Ques. 8Students who exhibit effortful control:
a. are able to control the amount of effort they use for particular academic tasks.
b. are able to use sophisticated learning strategies requiring more effort than less sophisticated strategies.
c. cannot yet inhibit impulses without much effort and reminders from parents and teachers.
d. are able to inhibit impulses so that they can think and act in a more suitable and productive manner.
Ques. 9Three of the following tend to be fairly stable personality traits that children have to varying degrees. Which one would psychologists not characterize as a relatively stable personality trait?
a. How often children have negative emotions such as anger or depression
b. How outgoing and friendly children are with their peers
c. How quickly children solve math problems
d. How dependable children are in doing their work carefully and following through on assigned tasks
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