Jennifer Dussette, a middle school teacher, liberally praises her students for their efforts, even if they are unsuccessful, and praises their answers to both difficult and easy questions. Using students' needs for self-determination as a basis, which of the following is the best assessment of Jennifer's efforts?
a. It is likely to be effective because she is attempting to help the students believe they have high ability, so it is likely to increase the students' sense of self-worth.
b. It is likely to be ineffective because students may perceive praise for answering easy questions as indicating that Jennifer believes they are not competent.
c. It is likely to be effective because it helps meet the students' need for relatedness.
d. It is likely to be ineffective because her general praise provides no information about the utility value of what the students are learning.
Ques. 2The ability to apply previous learning to new situations best describes:
a. metacognition.
b. study strategies.
c. critical thinking.
d. transfer.
Ques. 3Which of the following statements would best be explained using Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
a. An individual's first reaction to others, including teachers, is usually an assessment of how intelligent or competent they are.
b. An individual's first reaction to others, including teachers, is usually an assessment of the extent to which they flatter and reinforce the individual.
c. An individual's first reaction to others, including teachers, will usually be an assessment of how interesting and engaging they are.
d. An individual's first reaction to others, including teachers, will usually be an assessment of how nice or caring they are.
Ques. 4Having a clear perception of reality and accepting self, others, and the world are characteristics of:
a. self-actualization.
b. self-esteem.
c. self-awareness.
d. self-efficacy.
Ques. 5The consideration of what an individual must give up to engage in a task best describes which of the following?
a. Beliefs about utility value
b. Beliefs about attainment value
c. Beliefs about cost
d. Beliefs about future outcomes
Ques. 6Several differences exist between the way students who are high in self-efficacy approach and think about tasks compared to students who are low in self-efficacy. Identify four of those differences.
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 7Which of the following is the most likely reason why modeling increases self-efficacy?
a. Seeing others succeed is a positive emotional experience for the observer.
b. Modeling provides information about how a skill is performed.
c. Modeling provides opportunities for positive attributions.
d. Modeling reinforces appropriate behaviors.
Ques. 8Dexter is given a set of physics problems to do. According to research examining self-efficacy, of the following, which will have the strongest influence on his beliefs about his capability of solving the problems?
a. Seeing solutions successfully modeled by his teacher.
b. Seeing solutions successfully modeled by his peers.
c. His success on solving physics problems in the past.
d. His teacher's conviction that he is capable of solving physics problems.
Ques. 9Which of the following is a characteristic of low self-efficacy learners?
a. They expend high effort on challenging tasks.
b. They control stress and anxiety when goals aren't met.
c. They discard unproductive strategies.
d. They focus on feelings of incompetence.
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