Adolescents who learn a second language often apply patterns of speech production used in their native tongue, and therefore, they speak the second language with an accent. This phenomenon is an example of:
A) General transfer.
B) Situated cognition.
C) Positive transfer.
D) Negative transfer.
Ques. 2In which one of the following situations are we most likely to find transfer?
A) Alice learns how to add two-digit numbers and then studies how to add three-digit numbers.
B) Brianne learns how to plant corn and then learns how to prune a hedge.
C) Cathy learns early British history and then learns early Japanese history.
D) Devlin learns how to play softball and then learns how to play a card game.
Ques. 3Which one of the following alternatives most clearly illustrates general transfer rather than specific transfer?
A) The skills Arnold has developed as a marathon runner help him later in life when he jogs for exercise.
B) Brian has learned study skills in his history class that he also finds useful in his nutrition class.
C) Conway's knowledge of addition and subtraction helps him balance his checkbook.
D) David's knowledge of the human digestive system helps him understand the digestive system of an earthworm.
Ques. 4Which of the following statements is NOT true of the ideal strategy for dealing with misbehavior?
a. restores order immediately without negatively affecting the class climate
b. prevents repetition of the problem
c. results in subsequent appropriate behavior in similar situations
d. allows the teacher to calm down because it is administered after some time has elapsed
Ques. 5Mr. Loosigian is worried about Jerri, a girl who is struggling in his seventh-grade class. He thinks about several different reasons why she might be having so much difficulty with her schoolwork. Which one of the reasons he considers is consistent with a behaviorist perspective of learning?
A) Maybe she isn't paying attention as much as she should be.
B) Maybe I don't praise her enough when she does something well.
C) Maybe she has trouble understanding the things she reads.
D) Maybe she has trouble remembering things from one day to the next.
Ques. 6Behaviorists view learning differently than information processing theorists and constructivists do. Which one of the following statements best describes the difference?
A) Behaviorism focuses on temporary changes; information processing theory and constructivism focus on long-term changes.
B) Behaviorism focuses on long-term changes; information processing theory and constructivism focus on temporary changes.
C) Behaviorism focuses on mental phenomena; information processing theory and constructivism focus on observable behaviors.
D) Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors; information processing theory and constructivism focus on mental phenomena.
Ques. 7Isolating a student can backfire because he or she may be able to avoid a particular activity.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Ques. 8IEPs are of limited use in addressing the behavior of students because they set goals only for the student's cognitive and physical progress.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Ques. 9Ms. Goodsell is thinking about how she might help the students in her introductory French class learn to pronounce the word bonjour correctly. Which one of her thoughts below is most consistent with a social cognitive theory perspective of learning?
A) If I explain the parts of the wordif I tell them that bon means good and jour means daythen they will have an easier time understanding why the word is pronounced the way it is.
B) I need to be patient. Correct pronunciation will come in time for those students who are really motivated to speak French.
C) Maybe I should explain how certain letters and letter combinations are consistently pronounced differently in French than they are in English.
D) Maybe I should show them how I form my mouth and lips as I pronounce the word and then encourage them to imitate me.
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