A 4-year-old child who prints from right to left, instead of left to right, is most likely:
a. demonstrating early signs of dyslexia.
b. showing a delay in writing but not necessarily in other literacy skills.
c. still developing an understanding of the conventions writing.
d. unfamiliar with books and other environmental print.
Ques. 2Of the following, the most effective way to help preschoolers understand that clusters of letters represent words is to:
a. encourage children to use invented spellings to communicate their thoughts in writing.
b. point to individual words while reading stories together.
c. remind children to use spaces between letters to indicate where words begin and end.
d. suggest that children write in block print, rather than scribble in imitation of cursive writing.
Ques. 3Theories that propose that children's learning is influenced by their own exploration are known as:
a. computational theories of learning.
b. constructivist theories of learning.
c. interactionist theories of learning.
d. sociocultural theories of learning.
Ques. 4The National Association for the Education of Young Children advises that, when it comes to screen time, preschoolers should be exposed to:
a. no more than 2 hours a week.
b. no more than 2 hours a day.
c. no more than 4 hours a day.
d. no more than 4 hours a week.
Ques. 5In the United States, public preschool for children aged 2-4 is:
a. available for children in most states.
b. limited to children who are living in poverty.
c. not available for children in most states.
d. universal every state provides for every child.
Ques. 6The alphabetic principle refers to the idea that:
a. individual letters map onto specific sounds.
b. letters cannot be flipped or turned.
c. the letters in the alphabet go from A to Z.
d. the letters in words should be read from left to right.
Ques. 7In their comprehensive study of language development in professional, working-class, and low-income families, Hart and Risley (1995) found that:
a. children from lower-income families have bigger expressive vocabularies IF their family speaks more than one language at home.
b. children with higher IQs had bigger vocabularies than children with lower IQs, regardless of family socioeconomic status.
c. the greatest predictor of a child's vocabulary at age 3 is the socioeconomic status of the child's family.
d. vocabulary growth is most strongly associated with exposure to adult language during the infant and toddler years.
Ques. 8Although preschoolers develop domain-specific knowledge at different rates, research suggests that when children are 3-1/2 to 4 years old, they CANNOT yet:
a. compare objects based on length or weight.
b. create patterns of numbers or objects without assistance.
c. differentiate between living and nonliving things.
d. see how their family members are related.
Ques. 9According to cognitive theory, preschool children watch and reproduce gender-stereotypical behaviors because:
a. their environments provided primarily gender-stereotypical role models.
b. they are constantly looking for clues about how they should themselves behave.
c. they have already developed an understanding of gender constancy.
d. they have not yet developed an understanding of gender identity or gender stability.
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