What is the relationship between IQ and achievement in school? Students' IQ scores ____________ their school achievement.
a. Studies show no correlation between IQ and achievement in school.
b. IQ as assessed by standardized tests predicts achievement in school.
c. IQ predicts achievement in school for Caucasian children, but not for ethnic minority children.
d. IQ as assessed by standardized tests predicts success in life, not school achievement.
Ques. 2In 2002, the United States passed the No Child Left Behind Act. What is the purpose of this legislation?
a. school accountability for children's annual progress in reading, mathematics, and science
b. annual testing in science and mathematics for children in grades K-12.
c. identification of schools with low income students to qualify for federal funding.
d. establishment of accelerated programs in mathematics and science for students identified as gifted and talented in these fields.
Ques. 3Discuss two key ways in which Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences differs from the information processing perspective on intelligence.
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 4Corey says to himself, I feel good about myself. I'm a really good soccer player compared to the other players on my team. Coach says I'm doing great. Corey is demonstrating:
a. self-esteem.
b. collective self-esteem.
c. self-concept.
d. Erikson's notion of industry.
Ques. 5Makya, who is ten years old, is determined to build a model spaceship out of plastic materials. She is demonstrating what Erik Erikson refers to as __________, or the desire for mastery.
a. self-esteem
b. self-determination
c. industry
d. autonomy
Ques. 6Dason and Landry are good friends. They are on the same baseball team and live near each other. Late in a recent practice game, Landry threw a pitch that hit Dason on the shoulder. Dason's shoulder hurt and his first thought was to charge after Dason and start a fight. Then he realized Landry was probably tired and missed his pitch. Dason exhibited
a. egocentric viewpoint.
b. perspective-taking.
c. individual self-esteem.
d. collective self-esteem.
Ques. 7Which one of the following best describes Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning?
a. Most children move from moral relativism to moral realism.
b. Moral development moves from universal principles to eventually being able to apply the rules to one's specific situations.
c. Moral development moves from making judgments on the basis of one's own needs to judgments based on the expectations of others close to you.
d. Children who demonstrate advanced reasoning about distributive justice also demonstrate effective social problem-solving skills.
Ques. 8Researchers have studied differences in boys' and girls' perceptions of confidence. Based on their findings, which child or children fit the gender stereotypes?
a. Brenden, a boy, believes he is a good reader.
b. Mario, a boy, believes he is good in math.
c. Daylena, a girl, and Stefano, a boy, believe they are equal in math.
d. Carlotta, a girl, believes she is good in sports.
Ques. 9Mrs. Schwartz teaches fifth grade math and science. Based on research about elementary teachers' treatment of boys and girls, which pattern is Mrs. Schwartz likely to follow in her math and science classes?
a. Mrs. Schwartz will probably give girls more attention to encourage them to go into math and science related careers.
b. Mrs. Schwartz will probably interact more with the boys in her class than the girls.
c. Mrs. Schwartz, being a female teacher, will probably provide more detailed feedback to the girls in her class compared to the boys.
d. Mrs. Schwartz, being a female teacher, will probably give equal treatment to the boys and girls in her class.
Ques. 10Which of the following descriptions illustrates gender constancy?
a. Sally understands that she and her girlfriends are not going to develop muscles like the boys in her class, and they will probably always win in competitions requiring physical strength.
b. Football was Marco's favorite activity when he was a little kid. Now he loves playing football in the city league with other fifth grade boys.
c. Gabriella likes playing games with the girls in her clique of friends. They never allow any boys to play games with them. They like it that way.
d. Jodelle liked helping her mom make cookies from the time she was just a toddler. She still likes to make cookies, but now she doesn't need help. She has learned to bake by herself.
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