Alex fluently speaks two languages. By age six he was a balanced bilingual. We know that Alex is most likely to:
a. experience cognitive delays in areas of language development associated with receptive vocabulary.
b. have a smaller vocabulary in each language compared to his monolingual peers.
c. have increased cognitive abilities such as advanced awareness of the structures of language.
d. experience cognitive advances such as increased memory capacity and semiotic function.
Ques. 2Carlotta (an immigrant from Mexico) is worried about her 6-year-old granddaughter who is learning English at school, but hearing Spanish spoken at home. What will help her granddaughter become a balanced bilingual?
a. She needs to hear English spoken at least 25 of the time.
b. She needs to stop speaking Spanish at home and speak English around her family.
c. She needs to continue developing her Spanish and speak Spanish at school when possible.
d. She needs to hear English spoken more than half the time.
Ques. 3Caron is riding her stick horse through the house and racing Devin. Her dad can't see Devin, but watches Caron race across the room and instruct Devin to hide. What stage of play is Caron demonstrating?
a. constructive
b. symbolic
c. rough and tumble
d. real games
Ques. 4At age 7, Raphael is able to communicate in two languages, as well as maintain his sense of identity as he moves between two cultures on a daily basis. We would say Raphael is:
a. an example of additive bilingualism.
b. bilingual and bicultural.
c. monolingual and bicultural.
d. an example of subtractive bilingualism.
Ques. 5Mr. Robles, who teaches kindergarten, expects his students to:
a. have an expressive vocabulary of at least 10,000 words.
b. have a receptive vocabulary of 30,000 words.
c. create 10-word sentences and be able to use all types of sentences.
d. have knowledge of rules of grammar and rules of conversation.
Ques. 6For more than 30 years, the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) has focused on:
a. assessing parenting styles and family dynamics.
b. predicting children's risk for school failure and dropout.
c. assessing children's cognitive and social emotional development.
d. assessing children's readiness for preschool and kindergarten.
Ques. 7Melissa's son has been diagnosed with autism. Possible cognitive causes include an underdeveloped theory of mind. What processing difficulties is he most likely to experience?
a. memorization of words and steps for problem solving.
b. automaticity.
c. production deficiency.
d. joint attention.
Ques. 8Jamal writes his phone number on the palm of his hand so he will not forget it when he gets to school and sees his friends. Unfortunately, he forgets to look at his hand and his memory strategy fails. Although Jamal has developed a good memory strategy, his failure to produce it when it would be useful demonstrates:
a. memory processing error.
b. automaticity.
c. executive function.
d. production deficiency.
Ques. 9Darias has trouble focusing his attention on basic insturctions in his kindergarten class. He struggles to organize tasks at school and inhibit his impulses to talk out of turn. What aspect of information processing is underdeveloped?
a. executive function.
b. long-term memory.
c. abstraction.
d. overlapping wave of adaptive strategy.
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