According to most information-processing theories, changes in the cognitive system are a joint effort between cognitive structures and processes and environmental input. With which key theme in development is this statement most consistent?
a. Individual differences c. Sociocultural influence
b. Continuity-discontinuity d. Nature-nurture
Question 2Bigler's studies suggest that children are likely to exhibit ________ when adults actively use obvious perceptual categories to describe children's groups.
a. favoritism toward the in-group and bias toward the out-group
b. bias toward the in-group
c. favoritism toward the out-group
d. favoritism toward the in-group and the out-group
Question 3From an information-processing perspective, how could Mrs. McCoy determine if Bob was solving a math problem in his head or simply retrieving the answer from memory?
a. By asking Bob to answer out loud.
b. By asking Bob to write down his answer.
c. By measuring Bob's response time.
d. By measuring Bob's galvanic skin response.
Question 4Bigler's studies revealed that children in the experimental group showed a tendency to ascribe positive traits to
a. some members of the in-group. c. all members of the in-group.
b. all members of the out-group. d. some members of the out-group.
Question 5Which of the following is not involved in a simple model of human information processing?
a. Motivation c. Sensory register
b. Response d. Attention
Question 6In the social sphere, preferences seem to show up early. According to one experiment, children as young as ________ indicated a preference for the native speaker.
a. three months c. two years
b. ten months d. three years
Question 7Which of the following theoretical viewpoints holds that changes in cognitive structures and strategic implementation help children to process information more efficiently as development proceeds?
a. Information processing c. Sociocultural
b. Cognitive-developmental d. Social-cognitive
Quick Reply
