According to sociologist Erving Goffman, _____ is the symbolic means by which subordinates give a ...

According to sociologist Erving Goffman, _____ is the symbolic means by which subordinates give a required permissive response to those in power; it confirms the existence of inequality and reaffirms each person's relationship to the other.
 
  a. demeanorb. facial expression
 c. deference d. structured inequality

Question 2

In the early 1990s, the AAUW highlighted inequalities in women's education and started a national debate on gender equity. Which of the following has NOT taken place since that time?
 
  a. Females have attended and graduated high school at a higher rate than males.
 c. Boys' scores have suffered as a consequence of the improvements in girls' performance.
 b. Females have graduated from college at a higher rate than males.
 d. More females than males have enrolled in advanced-placement or honor courses.

Question 3

The transfer of information between persons without the use of speech is referred to as _____.
 
  a. on-stage dramatization b. nonverbal communication
 c. emotional interaction d. back-stage implication

Question 4

After __________, the terms First World, Second World, and Third World were introduced by social analysts to describe countries in terms of their economic development.
 
  a. World War I
 b. the Korean War
 c. World War II
 d. the Vietnam War

Question 5

_____ theorists examine educational practices that undermine female students' self-esteem and discourage them from taking certain courses, such as math and science, which were usually dominated by male teachers and students.
 
  a. Conflict b. Postmodernist
 c. Symbolic interactionist d. Functionalist

Question 6

According to sociologist Arlie Hochschild, feeling rules apply to our occupational roles. Although all jobs place some burden on our feelings, _____ occurs only in jobs that require personal contact with the public or production of a state of mind (such as hope, desire, or fear) in others.
 
  a. demeanorb. emotional labor
 c. deference d. external labor

Question 7

One of the primary means used in attempts to reduce inequality and alleviate the worst effects of poverty in the less industrialized nations of the world is __________.
 
  a. welfare programs
 b. development
 c. improved literacy
 d. birth control