The _____, which is based on the minimal amount of money required for a subsistence level of life, was first set by the Social Security Administration in the 1960s.
a. supplemental poverty level
b. official poverty line
c. intergenerational mobility standard
d. Giving Pledge
Question 2In the classic rags-to-riches success story, the hero goes from poverty to wealth. In real life, _____ of Americans born into the bottom income quintile move to the top as adults.
a. 4
b. 12
c. 36
d. 48
Question 3In terms of income, African Americans are more likely to be stuck in the bottom _____ than White Americans.
a. 75
b. 50
c. 25
d. 20
Question 4Which of the following was NOT a finding by the Pew Charitable Trust regarding social mobility in the United States?
a. Americans born at the bottom and top of the income ladder are likely to remain there as adults.
b. Most Americans have higher family incomes than their parents did at the same age.
c. The classic rags-to-riches success story is more fact than fiction.
d. A four-year college degree promotes upward mobility from the bottom and prevents downward mobility from the middle.
Question 5The term endogamy refers to
a. marriage outside of one's status group as required by custom or law.
b. marriage within one's status group as required by custom or law.
c. movement by an individual from one social class or status group to another.
d. restriction of movement by an individual from one social class or status group to another.
Question 6While the American class system allows for great mobility, other societies try to keep people in specific social classes for their entire lives. For instance, the _____ system of India determines social status by birth.
a. caste
b. social mobility
c. class
d. intergenerational
Question 7Martha came from a poor family, but as a entrepreneur she earned a great deal of money over the course of her life. In the United States, this kind of _____ mobility can change a person's social class considerably.
a. vertical When the racial and ethnic differences that many Americans observe about new immigrants is combined with economic uncertainty, a volatile mix results.
b. horizontal Because almost all Americans are descended from immigrants, the United States is a multicultural melting pot.
c. intergenerational New migrants tend to locate in enclaves and increase the tax burden on particular communities.
d. intragenerational New migrants tend to locate where other poor people leave for obvious reasons like cheap housing, and, as a result, disadvantaged groups often must compete for relative advantage.
Question 8When a family member moves up or down the social ladder compared to his or her parents, this is an example of _____ mobility.
a. vertical values
b. horizontal lifestyle
c. intergenerational language
d. intragenerational appearance
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