Animal physiology question

Neurons have four functional zones, and each performs a task required for communication. What are these four zones and what structural features found in each allow it to perform its function?   
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When membrane potential changes, we use the terms depolarization, hyperpolarization, and repolarization. Explain what is happening to the membrane potential in relation to the extracellular fluid during depolarization and hyperpolarization and how each phase could be achieved by negatively charged ions. Next, explain how it is possible for the membrane to be in both hyperpolarization and repolarization at the same time.   
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Neurons use both graded and action potentials to carry electrical signals from one point to another. Describe the similarities and differences between these two types of signals that could be seen within an individual neuron. 
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