During the Industrial Era prisons intended to capitalize on the labor of convict

Contract system. Private businesses paid to use inmate labor. They provided the raw materials and supervised the manufacturing process inside prison facilities.
Piece-price system. Goods were produced for private businesses under the supervision of prison authorities. Prisons were paid according to the number and quality of the goods manufactured.
Lease system. Prisoners were taken to the work site under the supervision of armed guards. Once there, they were turned over to the private contractor, who employed them and maintained discipline.
Public-account system. This system eliminated the use of private contractors. Industries were entirely prison owned, and prison authorities managed the manufacturing process from beginning to end. Goods were sold on the free market.
State-use system . Prisoners manufactured only goods that could be sold by or to other state offices, or they provided labor to assist other state agencies.
Public-works system. Prisoners maintained roads and highways, cleaned public parks and recreational facilities, and maintained and restored public buildings.