Can the Karl Fischer titration coulometric method tell apart dissolved water from suspended water in fuel?

Actually, it cannot, by itself.  It is just going to give you readout of the water content.  To the reagent, water is water, no matter if it is dissolved in the fuel or if it is emulsified or suspended.  The difference is the dissolved water exists as discrete molecules, the emulsification starts when the molecules come together, as you probably know already.

I used to do oil analyses for particulate contamination using an optical method that actually counted the particles in discrete size ranges.  We were interested in solid particles and found suspended water would artificially inflate the result.  I would heat the oil to dissolve the water droplets and then rerun that sample, the particle counts would always go down.  Possibly an optical method would work for you since the suspended particles are visible above a certain size while the dissolved water would not be seen.