Can you contract tuberculosis or any other airborne diseases from cleaning public restrooms?

Tuberculosis is a lung disease where you spit blood and No I have not heard of it before sorry

Cleaning public restrooms does not increase risk of  tb contraction.  TB is spread via the airborne route - therefore it has the potential to spread very easily to anyone.  People with tb are contagious when they have an active pulmonary infection with an active cough, in which case they can spread this disease to anyone in close proximity if they are not wearing a proper mask. TB does not survive and is not infectious when left on surfaces.

I heard from an instructor that TB can be in the Urine when TB attacks the urogenital system.

I also heard it is in spit.

Exposure is one side of the equation.  Your health and immunity is the another component.  There is also the amount of the TB in the air.  If it is prevalent in your community, there is a good chance you may have a good amount of exposure.  TB is endemic in the Philippines and other 3rd world countries.

According to Wiki - TB's bacillus can withstand weak disinfectants and can survive in a dry state for WEEKS